Background. Earlier, we found a close canonical correlation between parameters of gas discharge visualization (GDV) and principal neuroendocrine factors of adaptation.

The purpose of this study is to elucidate the relationship between GDV and immunity parameters.

Material and research methods. We observed twice 10 women and 10 men aged 33-76 years without clinical diagnose. In the morning in basal conditions at first registered kirlianogram by the method of GDV by the device “GDV Chamber” (“Biotechprogress”, SPb, RF). For further analysis the following parameters were selected: Area, Shape Coefficient as ratio Square Length of outward contour gas discharge image to its Area as well as Entropy of contour in Right, Frontal and Left projections registered both with and without polyethylene filter. Estimated also Energy and Asymmetry of virtual Chakras. Then registered routine parameters of cellular and humoral Immunity. Results processed by method of canonical analysis, using the software package “Statistica 5.5”.

Results. According to the value of the canonical correlation coefficient R with GDV parameters, the immunity parameters are arranged in the following order: IgA (0,716; p=0,005), CD8⁺CD3⁺ Tc-lymphocytes (0,646; p=0,004), IgG (0,645; p=0,002), IgM (0,622; p=0,0001), “active” T-lymphocytes (0,572; p=0,007), CD4⁺CD3⁺ Th-lymphocytes (0,566; p=0,003), CIC (0,491; p=0,018), 0- lymphocytes (0,457; p=0,036), CD16⁺ NK-lymphocytes (0,396; p=0,043), CD22⁺ B- lymphocytes (0,439; p=0,105). The integral canonical correlation between the parameters of GDV and Immunity was very strong (R=0,994; p<10^-4).

Conclusion. Between parameters of Immunity and parameters of GDV exist strong canonical correlation suggesting relevance and informativenes this method.

Key words: Gas Discharge Visualization, Cellular and Humoral Immunity, Relationships. 

УДК 616.831.34-085.217.34-036.82:355(477)

Вступ. Черепно-мозкова травма залишається однією з найбільш актуальних проблем сучасної медицини, а її наслідки є не тільки медичною, але й соціально-економічною проблемою. Незважаючи на вивчення клінічних, структурно-морфологічних, біохімічних, нейрофізіологічних, гемодинамічних змін у пацієнтів, котрі перенесли ЧМТ, вона не здає своїх лідируючих позицій серед причин інвалідності у людей молодого і середнього віку, найбільш активної в трудовому і соціальному сенсі частини населення. Поглиблене вивчення віддаленого періоду ЧМТ є необхідним у зв’язку із великим процентом її наслідків і відсутністю кореляції між клінічною симптоматикою гострого та віддаленого періоду травми головного мозку.

Мета дослідження. Вивчити вплив дії препаратів ентропу та пірацетаму на структурно-морфологічні, біохімічні, нейрофізіоло- гічні, гемодинамічні процеси головного мозку для покращення результатів комплексного лікування легкої ЧМТ (струсу головного мозку) при проведенні реабілітаційних заходів у віддаленому періоді.

Матеріали та методи. Обстежено 82 потерпілих мирної території та 82 бійців ООС із легкою ЧМТ (СГМ) у віддаленому періоді. Усі пацієнти були чоловічої статі. Вивчено динаміку функціонального стану головного мозку за даними електроенцефало- графії (ЕЕГ), церебрального кровоплину методом ультразвукової доплерографії (УЗДГ) та характеристику когнітивних порушень за шкалою MMSE.

Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. Використання пірацетаму і ентропу в комплексному лікуванні хворих із легкою ЧМТ (СГМ) у віддаленому періоді в порівнянні зі стандартною терапією позитивно впливало на динаміку змін ЕЕГ та когнітивних функцій. Результати дослідження засвідчили, що церебральна гемодинаміка на фоні лікування з додаванням до стандартного протоколу піра- цетаму і ентропу істотно не змінювалась. Дані дослідження пацієнтів за шкалою MMSE підтвердили антиамнестичну направленість фармакотерапевтичного ефекту обох ноотропних препаратів (пірацетаму і ентропу) в аспекті впливу на когнітивну дисфункцію.

Висновки. Лікування хворих із легкою ЧМТ у віддаленому періоді з використанням пірацетаму і ентропу засвідчує мульти- модальну дію даних препаратів на ЦНС, їх значний фармакотерапевтичний потенціал та сприяє ефективності нейрореабілітаційних заходів, які покращують якість життя хворих, які перенесли травму головного мозку.

Ключові слова: черепно-мозкова травма, струс головного мозку, бійці ООС, потерпілі мирної території, пірацетам, ентроп.

Traumatic brain injury remains one of the most urgent problems of modern medicine, and its consequences are not only a medical, but also a socio-economic problem. Despite the study of clinical, structural-morphological, biochemical, neurophysiological, hemodynamic changes in patients who have suffered traumatic brain injury, it does not give up its leading position among the causes of disability in young and middle- aged people, the most active in the labor and social sense of the population. An in-depth study of the distant period of traumatic brain injury is necessary, due to the high percentage of its consequences, and the lack of a correlation between the clinical symptoms of acute and distant periods of brain injury.

Purpose of study. The purpose of the stydy is to learn about the effects of entrop and piracetam on structural and morthological, biochemical, neurophysiological, hemodynamical processes in brain to improve the results of an integrated treatment of a mild Traumatic Brain Injury (concussion) when ensuring rehabilitative measures in the remote period of time.

Content. Inspected 82 civilians and 82 JFO combatants with mild TBI in the remote period of time. All patients were males. The dynamic of functioning brain state has been studied using the electroencephalography data. Cerebral blood flow has been studied using the ultrasonic dopplerography method and characteristic of the cognitive disorders by MMSE.

Results. In the remote period of time the use of piracetam and entrop in the integrated treatment of patients with mild TMI has positively affected the EEG and cognitive functions trends. The study results have shown that the cerebral hemodynamic didn`t change sighnificantly after adding piracetam and entrop to the standart treatment protocol. These researches on patientsd by MMSE scale confirmed anti-amnestic focus of pharmacotherapeutic effect in both nootropic drugs (piracetam and enthrop) in aspect of impact on cognitive dissfunction.

To summarize. Treatment of patients with mild TBI in remote period with usage of piracetam and entrop demonstrates the multimodal effect of these drugs on CNS, their great pharmaceutical potential and contributes to the effectiveness of neurorehabilitation measures, which improve quality of life of patients, who had brain injuries.

Key words: traumatic brain injuries, concussion, fighters of Joint Force Operation, victims of peaceful territory, piracetam, entrop. 

Abstracts

Background. In previous studies, we have shown that electrokinetic index of buccal epithelium (EKI) correlated with some functional and metabolic parameters. Subsequent studies have shown that сhanges in EKI correlated with changes in some parameters of EEG, HRV, hemodynamics, metabolism, immunity and fecal microbiocenosis. Further research in this direction was continued on a significantly increased contingent of patients and with the involvement of new methods and factors of influence. This message starts the presentation of the obtained results.

Material and methods. Under a observations were 44 men (49±15 years) and 30 women (51±13 years) without clinical diagnosis or with chronic pyelonephritis in the phase of remission (23 men). We registered caused by the various therapeutic factors changes in EKI, state of the vegetative and hormonal regulation as well as immunity and metabolism, then calculated relationships between changes.

Results. In 49 patients the changes in EKI were in the range of ±2,5%, in 19 people EKI increased by more than 2,5% (M±SD=+4,0±1,6%), while in 9 people decreased by more than 2,5% (-4,2±1,7%). The canonical correlation between changes in EKI, on the one hand, and HRV and immunity parameters, on the other, is moderate: R=0,478; p=0,023. The method of discriminant analysis revealed 10 immune and 6 HRV parameters as well as triglycerides and cholesterol, whose changes are characteristic of multidirectional changes in EKI.

Conclusion. Electrokinetic index of buccal epithelium responds to therapeutic factors in different directions, accompanied by characteristic changes in a number of parameters of HRV, immunity and metabolism.

Keywords: Electrokinetic index, HRV, hormones, immunity, metabolism, relationships.

UDC 577.346

 COVID-19 infection, preeclampsia and gestational diabetes mellitus in pregnancy cause similar changes in the placenta and influence development of the fetus between conception and birth in gestation. Proper uterine and placental vascularization is essential for normal fetal development. The transplacental exchange is regulated and maintained by the placental endothelium. During placental implantation, the trophoblast differentiates into two distinct layers, the inner cytotrophoblast and outer syncytiotrophoblast, which are key elements of the human placental barrier. Proinflammatory cytokines exacerbate ischemic events and create an upward spiral of an inflammatory reaction in the placenta. Placental pathology in gestational COVID-19 shows desquamation and damage of trophoblast and chronic histiocytic intervillositis. Similar lesions also occur in gestational diabetes mellitus and preeclampsia. Common ground: The systemic inflammatory response of the mother, the increased inflammation in the placenta and cytokine production by placental trophoblasts should be monitored throughout pregnancy. Placental angiogenesis can be evaluated by serum vascular endothelial growth factor, Annexin A2, placental growth factor or sclerostin. Tissue damage can be assessed by measuring levels of serum lactate dehydrogenase and myeloperoxidase. Blood flow can be monitored with three-dimensional Doppler and pathological changes can be documented with paraffin-embedded tissue sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and electron microscope images as well as immunohistochemistry tests for vascular endothelial growth factor, placental growth factor, sclerostin and Annexin A2. Opinion: The damage of maternal and fetal vascular perfusion (villitis and fibrin deposition) is a common mechanism of gestational diseases. The placenta lesions liberate anti-endothelial factors that lead to anti-angiogenic conditions and are the common mechanism of maternal placental vascular malperfusion in gestational diseases. 

UDC 582.232:547.977:581.132:543.42

The physicochemical characteristics of phycocyanin extracted from cyanobacteria collected in Kaunas Lagoon were studied (spectrum characteristics, C-PC content in the dry mass and chemical purity). It was determined that the tested concentrations of C-PC in purified water should be in the range of 0.02–0.16% for measuring C-PC content in the dry mass and its spectrum characteristics. The two clear absorption maxima were detected in the spectrum of C-PC at the wavelengths of 277 and 619 nm. The content of C-PC in the dry powder form was in the range of 7.25% to 9.30% depending on its concentration in the solution and type of spectrophotometer. Furthermore, a purity factor of 1.5 was calculated, which indicated the food qualification of the obtained biomass of C-PC. Finally, the analytical procedure for studying the pro- and anti-oxidant activity of C-PC was developed and the antioxidant activity of C-PC was measured for the available markers. It was revealed that C-PC has dual properties (pro- and anti-oxidant ones) depending on its concentration,
more exactly, its content in reaction mixtures with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPP H). The following issues were resolved during the research: the concentration of ethanol in the DPP H solution was chosen in order to avoid precipitation of proteins in the reaction mixtures (50%); the ratio of the solution of C-PC to the DPPH solution was selected; the selected concentrations of the markers for the construction of their calibration curves were chosen for quercetin and for rutin. The antioxidant activity of the obtained C-PC sample was determined