Cultural impact on the Polish and Ukrainian results of the TSIDAV vignette (Thrombocytopenia Symptoms Impact on patients Daily Activities Assessment Vignette) was analyzed. The impact of the disease symptoms was assessed using TSIDAV vignette and the main research was followed by the analysis related to the cultural impact on the results. The cultural impact analysis was based on Hofstede’s national culture model.
49 Ukrainian and 61 Polish patients participated. Mean Ukrainian TSIDAV value was 0.31 (SD 0.83). Gender values ranged <0 to -1.0, and according to the key for results interpretation it confirmed high disease impact on daily activities. Higher disease impact among men than among women (mean TSIDAV value 0.18, SD 0.95; and 0.44, SD 0.69 respectively). Mean Polish TDSIDAV value was 0.68 (SD 0.69). Among Polish women mean value was -0.85 (SD 0.54), within men mean -0.35 (SD 0.83). Applying G. Hofstede’s cultural model Ukrainian Power Distance score 92 reflects power holders societal distance. Low scores of Individualism and Masculinity dimensions. Uncertainty avoidance score 95, meaning feeling threatened by ambiguous situations. Long term
orientation dimension score 86 reflects Ukrainian society pragmatism. Polish results shown hierarchical (scoring 68), individualist (score 60), masculine society (score 64). Avoidance dimension scores 93 in Poland, meaning avoid uncertainty preference. Long Term Orientation dimension scored 38, defining more normative than pragmatic society.

This study aimed to assess the antibiotic therapy of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in adults. A single-center, retrospective study was conducted in one of Lviv city hospitals, Ukraine. Adults with CAP (n=181) were enrolled. Fluoroquinolones (45.3%), cephalosporins (27.8%), and macrolides (16.1%) were the most common antibiotics. Antibiotic-associated drug-related problems (DRPs) were found in 87.3% (95%CI 81.5%:91.8%) of the participants. 4 items of antibiotic-associated DRPs were identified: potential drug-drug interactions (76.6%), inappropriate dosing (14.0%), inappropriate length of therapy (7.5%), and contraindicated usage (1.9%). Spiramycin, metronidazole, levofloxacin, azithromycin, and cefoperazone were associated with the highest risk of DRPs. Age of patients (p<0.001), number of antibiotics (p<0.001), length of antibiotic therapy (p=0.036), and the total number of antibiotic-associated DRPs (p=0.005) were defined as factors that statistically contribute to the patient’s health status on discharge. Antibiotics should be the drug class most commonly involved in the interventions to improve the safety and quality of CAP therapy.

The purpose of this section is to highlight the opportunities for digitizing important processes in the healthcare system to improve the efficiency of population health management. The introduction of these digital processes will increase patient satisfaction with the healthcare system, as well as provide a holistic outlook of patient health through access to data and give patients more control over their own health. Healthcare managers will also be using the developed Internet applications to conduct clinical audits and monitor health problems in the administrative district. It is proposed to develop and use free Internet applications and computer programs, namely: 1) Drug Compatibility Test online application, which is designed primarily for students. This app is designed to test knowledge of drug compatibility and
certain aspects of diet and behavioral habits; 2) electronic individual antenatal drug passport for a promising way to predict, prevent and reduce the risk of allergic reactions; and 3) Medical Intelligence app using the artificial intelligence technologies to develop an individual educational trajectory for doctors and pharmacists. 

Results. Antibiotics were administered for 44.2% (95%CI 34.9%–53.9%) of patients. The main reasons for antibiotic prescriptions were acute tonsillitis (30.0%) and acute upper respiratory tract infections (26.0%). Macrolides, cephalosporins, penicillins, and sulfonamides with trimethoprim presented 40.0%, 36.0%, 20.0%, and 4.0% of antibiotic prescriptions, respectively. Antimicrobials from the Access group accounted for 26.0% of antibiotic prescriptions (instead of at least 60.0%, WHO) and antibiotics from the Watch group constituted 74.0% (instead of a maximum of 40.0%, WHO). Antibiotics were prescribed to 61.9% of outpatients with acute upper respiratory tract infections, 93.7% of patients with acute tonsillitis, and 45.5% – with otitis media instead of recommended 0-20% (ESAC-Net). The first-line antibiotics were used in 23.1% of cases of acute upper respiratory infections, 26.7% of cases of acute tonsillitis, and 40.0% of otitis media, which is below the acceptable range (80–100%, ESAC-Net). In total, 22 antibiotic-associated drug-related problems (DRPs) were found in 34.0% of written doctor’s prescriptions with antimicrobials. The most common were: (1) excessive length of therapy (36.4%) and (2) potential drug-drug interactions (31.8%). Conclusions. The rate of antibiotic prescriptions for children is high and associated with different DRPs. The majority of antibiotic prescription quality indicators are outside the recommended ranges. Thus, effective interventions and campaigns to improve antibiotic therapy in children are needed.

Background We examined the human toll and the subsequent humanitarian crisis resulting from the Russian invasion of Ukraine, which began on 24 February 2022.
Method We extracted and analyzed data resulting from Russian military attacks on Ukrainians between 24 February and 4 August 2022. The data tracked direct deaths and injuries, damage to healthcare infrastructure and the impact on health, the destruction of residences, infrastructure, communication systems, and utility services – all of which disrupted the lives of Ukrainians.
Results As of 4 August 2022, 5552 civilians were killed outright and 8513 injured in Ukraine as a result of Russian attacks. Local officials estimate as many as 24 328 people were also killed in mass atrocities, with Mariupol being the largest (n=22 000) such example. Aside from wide swaths of homes, schools, roads, and bridges destroyed, hospitals and health facilities from 21 cities across Ukraine came under attack. The disruption to water, gas, electricity, and internet services also extended to affect supplies of medications and other supplies owing to destroyed facilities or production that ceased due to the war. The data also show that Ukraine saw an increase in cases of HIV/ AIDS, tuberculosis, and Coronavirus (COVID-19).
Conclusions The 2022 Russia-Ukraine War not only resulted in deaths and injuries but also impacted the lives and safety of Ukrainians through destruction of healthcare facilities and disrupted delivery of healthcare and supplies. The war is an ongoing humanitarian crisis given the continuing destruction of infrastructure and services that directly impact the well-being of human lives. The devastation, trauma and human cos