Background. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a pressing issue in modern society. While excess circulating glucose and insulin resistance contribute to its pathogenesis, the diagnosis poses particular challenges. The purpose of the study was to identify new additional non-invasive diagnostic markers of NAFLD and the risk of developing comorbid diseases in these patients. Materials and methods. The study involved 64 men aged 39 to 62 years: 35 patients were diagnosed with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease according to EASL-EASD-EASO guidelines, 29 patients comprised the control group. The results of complete blood count, biochemical blood tests, and abdominal ultrasound were evaluated in both groups. Results. Patients with NAFLD had significantly higher body weight and body mass index, higher glucose, HOMA-IR, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoproteins, atherogenic index, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase. Additional non-invasive markers of NAFLD were high body mass index, HOMA-IR, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoproteins, atherogenic index, and alanine aminotransferase, which may also indicate future risks of type 2 diabetes and hypertension. Conclusions. Among patients with NAFLD within three years, hypertension occurred in 22.2 % of cases and type 2 diabetes in 20.0 %, which is higher than in patients without NAFLD (8.7 and 4.3 %, respectively). We found that at the time of initial examination, patients with NAFLD had higher body weight and body mass index, as well as higher glucose, HOMA-IR, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoproteins, atherogenic index, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase. From these metrics, we identified high body mass index, HOMA-IR, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoproteins, atherogenic index, alkaline phosphatase as potential non-invasive risk markers for NAFLD. This highlights the importance of studying them for the early diagnosis of type 2 diabetes and hypertension, which could improve the treatment of this cohort of patients in the future.
УДК: 616.36–004:616.24–008.811.6–036
The aim of the study. To determine the frequency and character of syntropic extrahepatic lesions in cirrhotic patients depending on the hepatopulmonary syndrome severity degree.
Materials and methods. In a randomized manner with preliminary stratification by the presence of hepatopulmonary syndrome were studied 93 patients with liver cirrhosis, who underwent the comprehensive clinical-laboratory and instrumental examination.
Results. According to the obtained results, most often in patients with liver cirrhosis associated with hepatopulmonary syndrome syntropic extrahepatic lesions affected other organ systems as follows: digestive system - 100.0 % patients under investigation; hematopoietic system - 84.9 %; nervous system - 81.7 %; integumentary system and mucous membranes - 78.5 %; blood circulatory system - 76. 3 %; osteoarticular system - 67.7 %; urinary system - 22.6 %. Increased severity of hepatopulmonary syndrome significantly (p < 0.05) correlated with thein creased frequency of lesions.
Among syntropic polymorbid lesions of the integumentary system and mucous membranes, 68.8 % patients with hepatopulmonary syndrome had jaundice, 66.7 % - telangiectasia. Among lesions of the osteoarticular system osteopenia was diagnosed in 44.7 % of patients, osteoporosis - in 27.7 %. Among lesions of the circulatory system 52.7% of patients suffered from heart rhythm disorders, 49.5 % - from arterial hypotension, 20.4 % - from cirrhotic cardiomyopathy. Among lesions of the hematopoietic system anemia (76.3 %), coagulopathy (73.1 %) and thrombocytopenia (61.3 %) were diagnosed most often. Digestive system lesionsinclude esophageal veins varicosities (94.6 % of patients), hemorrhoidal veins varicosites (68.8 %), and cirrhotic gastropathy (62.4 %). Among lesions of the urinary systemin 21.5 % of patientswas diagnosed type II hepatorenal syndrome. Among the lesions of central nervous system in 81.7 % of patientswas diagnosed hepatic encephalopathy. The frequency of syndromes and nosological units increased significantly (p < 0.05) with the increase of hepatopulmonary syndrome severity.
Conclusions. 100.0 % patients with liver cirrhosis accompanied byhepatopulmonary syndromewere affected by syntropic polymorbid lesionsof the digestive system, 94.6 % of which were represented by esophageal vein varicosites. Out of 84.9 % of patients with hematopoietic lesions anemia was diagnosed in 76.3 %, coagulopathy - in 73.1 % of cases. Of total 81.7 % patients withnervous system injurieshepatic encephalopathy was diagnosed in 81.7 % patients. In 78.5 % cases of damaged skin, its appendages and mucous membranesjaundice covered 68.8 %, and telangiectasia 66.7 % of cases. In 76.3 % of cardiovascular system lesions arrhythmias were diagnosed in 52.7 %. With the increasing severity of hepatopulmonary syndrome, the frequency of the above lesions increased significantly (p < 0.05).
Introduction: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease caused by many polyclonal autoantibodies and characterized by numerous comorbid lesions of internal organs and systems. Research with respect to the role of various infectious agents in the development and course of SLE, and primarily the role of cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), is ongoing. It is important to find out whether patients with SLE are infected with CMV and EBV, since the clinical manifestations of SLE and active viral infection are similar.
Aim: To find out the infection of SLE patients with CMV and EBV.
Materials and methods: The study included 115 patients with SLE, among whom women of working age predominated. The study was conducted in three stages: to find out CMV infection, to detect EBV infection, to determine the simultaneous infection of SLE patients with CMV and EBV and, in particular, their active phases. The actual material was processed on a personal computer in Excel (Microsoft) and IBM SPSS Statistics using descriptive statistics.
Results: It was found that the serum of the vast majority of SLE patients has specific antibodies to CMV, and only three have no antibodies to the virus. IgM antibodies to CMV were detected in 22.61% of patients, which may indicate an active phase of infection. Most often, the CMV seroprofile was detected as a combination of IgG (+) and IgM (-) (74.78%) among patients with SLE. It was established that the absolute majority of SLE patients are infected with EBV (98.26%). Active EBV infection was found in 15.65% of SLE patients, and chronic persistent - in 53.91%. Most often (53.91%) there are SLE patients with a seroprofile in the combination of EBV IgG to NA (+) IgG to EA (+) VCA IgM (-).
Most often (41.74%) SLE patients had a combination of laboratory markers of viral infection in the form of seroprofile CMV IgG (+) IgM (-); EBV IgG to EA (+) IgG to NA (+) IgM to VCA (-). The active phase of CMV and/or EBV infection was present in 32.17% of SLE patients, of which: 16.52% had only active CMV infection, 9.57% - only active EBV infection, and 6.09% – a combination of active CMV and EBV infections, which indicates that more than a third of SLE patients have active CMV and/or EBV infections, which can affect the clinical manifestations of the disease and require specific treatment tactics.
Conclusion: Almost all patients with SLE are infected with CMV, among whom 22.61% of patients have active infection. The absolute majority of SLE patients are infected with EBV, of which 15.65% had an active infection. Most often, SLE patients had a combination of laboratory markers of infection in the form of seroprofile CMV IgG (+) IgM (-); EBV IgG to EA (+) IgG to NA (+) IgM to VCA (-). The active phase of CMV and/or EBV infection was present in 32.17% of patients with SLE, of which: 16.52% had only active CMV infection, 9.57% only active EBV infection, and 6.09% – a combination of active CMV and EBV infections.
УДК 616.36-004-036-06:616.12-008.1]-079.4
Liver cirrhosis is a common disease occurring mainly among people of working age and frequently resulting in lethal outcomes. The causes of such epidemiology of liver cirrhosis are syntropic comorbid lesions, in particular lesions of the circulatory system organs. The study was carried out in three consecutive steps, namely: in the first phase the proportion of patients with liver cirrhosis with extrahepatic cardiovascular lesions was revealed, in the second, the frequency of each individual cardiovascular disease in patients was evaluated, and in the thirdphase the frequency of cardiovascular system lesions in every severity class of liver cirrhosis in accordance with C.G. Child-R.N. Pugh criteria and correlation between their incidence and class of cirrhosis were revealed. 81.3 % of patients with liver cirrhosis have lesions of the circulatory system, among which cirrhotic cardiomyopathy and disorders in the system of blood pressure regulation with the emergence of persistent arterial hypotension have common pathogenetic mechanisms with liver cirrhosis, namely, they are syntropic, whilst postinfarction cardiosclerosis, angina pectoris,
acquired heart defects, and painless form of coronary heart disease are concomitant