UDC 612.616:612.015.11:612.014.484

About 15% of married couples in the world suffer from infertility. In approximately 50% of cases, the main problem lies in the male factor. Male infertility is a multifactorial syndrome that encompasses a wide range of disorders. Infertility in men without an established history is called "idiopathic infertility". The aim of the work was to compare reproductive function of men according to spermogram indicators for both a control (normozoospermia) and an experimental (idiopathic infertility) groups. The study consisted in studying spermogram indicators in patients of both groups according to WHO recommendations and comparing them with each other and with reference values. Comparison of physicochemical indicators of ejaculate revealed that the volume of ejaculate in groups II and I did not reliably differ from each other, as did the pH indicator. The indicators of the time of dilution of ejaculate in persons with idiopathic infertility significantly increased (by 1.4 times) in comparison with men of the control group. Reliable violations of the quality indicators of ejaculate, characterized by a decrease in sperm motility by 1.6 times, were revealed. The number of immobile spermatozoa was 1.7 times higher in idiopathic infertility compared to control values. A 1.8-fold decrease in the concentration of fructose in the ejaculate correlated with pronounced processes of sperm motility and viability impairment. The indicator of the concentration of citric acid, which reflects the functional state of the prostate gland and the endocrine function of the testicles, was 1.7 times higher in patients with idiopathic infertility compared to the control group. The content of zinc in seminal fluid differs most between infertile men and men of the control group, it was 3.4 times lower in men with idiopathic infertility. Thus, the obtained data on the indicators of spermograms denote that reproductive problems in men with idiopathic infertility consist in a reliable violation of the qualitative indicators of ejaculate especially in reduced mobility. Which correlates with changes in the index of liquefaction time, which increases and biochemical indicators (decrease in the concentration of fructose, citrate and zinc) compared to ejaculate indicators in men with normozoospermia.

УДК: 612.616:612.015.11:612.014.484

Непліддя є однією з найактуальніших медико-соціальних проблем у всьому світі.
Чоловічі чинники непліддя сягають 50 % усіх випадків. Приблизно 7 % чоловіків у всьому світі страждають від непліддя. Сперматозоїди надзвичайно вразливі до окиснювального ураження. Оксидативний стрес призводить до пошкодження аксонем і збільшення морфологічних дефектів середньої частини сперматозоїдів, що призводить до зниження їх рухливості. Метою дослідження є оцінка зв’язку між рухливістю сперматозоїдів, активністю глутатіонової антиоксидантної системи та концентрацією цитокінів. Обстежено 68 здорових чоловіків, які були розподілені на дві групи за відсотком рухомих сперматозоїди через 1 годину після отримання еякуляту: низька рухливість (НР, n=32) і висока рухливість (ВР, n=36). Рівень малонового діальдегіду (MDA) був в 1,3 раза (p<0,05) вищим у групі НР порівняно з групою ВР. Середні значення IL-1β, IL-18, IFN-γ і TNF-α були також вищими у групі НР, ніж у групі ВР. Результати цього дослідження показали, що відсоток рухливих сперматозоїди через 1 годину негативно корелювали з рівнями IL-1β, IL-18 та TNFα. Нижча рухливість сперматозоїдів у здорових чоловіків пов'язана зі зниженням вмісту відновленого глутатіону та нижчою активністю GP і підвищеним рівнем цитокінів, які можуть бути пов'язані з підвищеним оксидативним стресом у сім'яній плазмі про що свідчить підвищений рівень МДА. 

УДК: 616.697-008.8-06:616.72-002-092:612.015.11]-07

Background. Male infertility is one of the most serious medical and social problems. Idiopathic infertility accounts for about 30 % of cases of infertile men. Rheumatoid arthritis is associated with a decreased fertility potential. The aim of the present work was to determine the lipid peroxidation level and the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase in seminal plasma and blood plasma of infertile men with idiopathic infertility and concomitant autoimmune joint pathology (rheumatoid arthritis).
Materials and Methods. 45 infertile men aged 22–48 were examined. They were divided into 2 groups: first group – 23 somatically healthy patients with idiopathic infertility; second group – 22 infertile men with rheumatoid arthritis. The control group consisted of 27 males with normal semen profile according to the WHO criteria and confirmed parenthood. The concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance and activity of antioxidant enzymes were measured in the blood and seminal plasma.
Results. When analyzing the seminal fluid, we found that the TBARS content was 4-fold greater in infertile men with autoimmune pathology compared to fertile men (p <0.001), whereas, in patients with idiopathic infertility its level was within the normal range. The activation of lipid peroxidation in infertile men with idiopathic infertility and in combination with rheumatoid arthritis was accompanied by a statistically significant decrease in the activity of enzymes of glutathione antioxidant system. It should be noted that more pronounced disorders of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes activity were found in seminal plasma compared to blood plasma.
Conclusions. (1) An increased lipid peroxidation was observed in seminal and blood plasma of infertile men in combination with rheumatoid arthritis compared to normospermic men, whereas no differences were observed between men with idiopathic infertility and fertile men; (2) An impaired antioxidant status was observed in seminal and blood plasma of both men with idiopathic infertility and infertile men in combination with rheumatoid arthritis compared to normospermic men; (3) infertile men in combination with rheumatoid arthritis showed a significantly higher lipid peroxidation levels compared to men with idiopathic infertility, whereas no differences were observed in GPx and GR activity between groups.