Background: The ceremonial inauguration of the Medical Faculty at Lviv University on September 9, 1894, by Emperor Franz Joseph, signified the culmination of a decades-long endeavor to reestablish medical education in Lviv. The institution was initially established in 1784 under the auspices of Emperor Joseph II. However, it was subsequently dissolved in 1805 and subsequently reinstated in 1817, albeit without a medical faculty. This study provides an analysis of the faculty’s complete restoration as a result of international and interdisciplinary collaboration within the political, academic, and architectural spheres in the 19th century within the Habsburg Empire.
Materials and methods: Utilizing archival collections from Ukraine, Austria, and Poland, along with university repositories and current publications, this study performs a contextual and actor-focused analysis. Stakeholders are categorized into three sectors: governmental, academic, and technical. These categories are used to examine their respective roles and interactions.
Results: The reestablishment of the university was driven by the sustained advocacy of Lviv’s academic community, with support from the Galician Governorship, and it was officially authorized by the Viennese Ministry of Education through an Imperial Decree in 1891. Academic contributions from prominent scholars in Lviv, including Henryk Kadyi, and in Cracow, such as Ludwik Teichmann and Napoleon Cybulski, exerted a significant influence on the curriculum and spatial organization of the faculty. The supervision of the construction process was overseen by architect Josef Braunseis and builder Ivan Levynsky, who engaged in close consultation with academic experts. International suppliers furnished essential materials and equipment. The medical faculty was officially established in 1894, with the inaugural academic year commencing in 1894/95.
Conclusions: The restoration of the Medical Faculty in Lviv serves as a prime example of a trans-regional, interdisciplinary Habsburg endeavor, integrating political vision, scientific leadership, and architectural innovation.(Folia Morphol 2026; 85: e01726027)
Keywords: Lviv; university; Ukraine; Habsburg Empire; 19th century; interdisciplinary; Franz Joseph; Henryk Kadyi; architecture; Austria–Hungary

Abstract: Henryk Kadyi’s (1851–1912) work in anatomical research is closely related to researching fundamental problems of preserving anatomic specimens for science and teaching. The goal of this study is to describe the professional life of Henryk Kadyi, to highlight his achievements for modern anatomy and to use his story to demonstrate the importance of mentoring, international scientific communication and cross border cooperations for scientific success.
The development of novel conservation methods gained him enormous respect of the scientific community and secured him a place in the history of medicine. Kadyi was educated in Vienna and shaped by Hyrtl and Langer. He then started residency in Krakow, where he was supervised by Teichmann, a disciple of Hyrtl. There, he received a call for professorship in Lviv. At each location, he was influence by local conditions, which improved his anatomical skills. This is a good example of the interconnection of knowledge, skills, scholarship, and scientific tradition between academic centers — in this case, Vienna, Krakow, and Lviv in the second half of the 19th century. Our paper focuses on Kadyi’s preparatory techniques with a particular emphasis on the influence that the education and skills acquired in Vienna and Krakow had on them and how they were shaped when Kadyi was already an independent researcher in Lviv.
Keywords: anatomy, anatomical preparations, history of medicine, Henryk Kadyi, history, 19th century, Lviv, Krakow, Vienna.

A B S T R A C T
Background: This article addresses the formation of academic networks among anatomists in the Austro-Hungarian Empire in the late 19th century during the earliest part of their careers, their student years, at thecapital’s university (University of Vienna), based on the example of the Galician anatomist Henryk Kadyi.
Material and methods: This comparative inquiry is based on archive material from the Lviv Regional StateArchive, the Central State Historical Archives of Ukraine in Lviv (both Ukraine), the Archive of the University ofVienna, the Austrian State Archive (both Austria) and the Archives of the Jagiellonian University (Poland).
Results: Archival sources show the variety of contacts a medical student could form within the anatomicalcommunity (both with teachers and student colleagues), which constituted the foundation for connections that lasted for an academic lifetime. The study demonstrates which knowledge, techniques, and methods were circulated within these newly formed anatomical networks. Kadyi was not a unique case but rather just one example of a broader dynamic among Galician students who came to Vienna.
Conclusion: Research on early-career networks is a promising approach for studying academic networks, especially their starting point, as the example of Henryk Kadyi proves. The importance of long-lasting contacts formed during an early academic career and their continued impact over the following years and decades cannot be overstated.

Попередні результати спільного міжнародного дослідження свідчать, що історія кафедри анатомії у Львові була частиною загальноєвропейської, а точніше – загальногабсбурзької історії наукових мереж і обміну знаннями. Зокрема, проведені нами дослідження свідчать, що, по-перше, академічна мобільність в Габсбурзькій імперії справді вплинула на відновлення медичного факультету Львівського університету.

По-друге, наші архівні дослідження, проведені у Львівському обласному державному архіві (ДАЛО), Центральному державному історичному архіві України у Львові (ЦДІАЛ), Австрійському державному архіві (ÖStA) та Національному архіві в Кракові (ANK) підтверджують гіпотезу довготривалих і тісних міжнародних контактів між Львовом та іншими європейськими містами, зокрема, Лейпцигом, Краковом, Віднем та Прагою.

А по-третє, європейські академічні мережі того часу формували університетське життя, враховуючи одночасно аспекти навчання, досліджень, публікацій, соціальних зв’язків, організації інституцій і навіть архітектурного дизайну. Історичний аналіз будівельних планів, архівних джерел, музейних об’єктів, сучасних гравюр, фотографій та інших візуальних джерел з Відня, Кракова та Львова потверджує схожість або ідентичність багатьох архітектурних та організаційних складових, зокрема щодо викладання анатомії. Цьогорічні ювілеї вкотре підкреслюють важливість міжнародного співробітництва у сфері медичної