Background. The impact of the standard balneotherapeutic complex at Truskavets' Spa on physical performance in both rats and resort patients yielded mixed results. Previous research has indicated that the phytoadaptogen “Balm Truskavets” can mitigate the negative effects of Naftussya bioactive water on dynamic muscle performance in healthy rats and patients with post-radiation encephalopathy. This study aims to evaluate the potential of this phytocomposition to prevent unfavorable actotropic effects of Truskavets’ Spa balneofactors on gastroenterologic patients. Material and methods. The study observed 40 former female athletes (aged 30÷76 years, body weight 55÷98 kg) with chronic cholecystitis in remission phase, undergoing rehabilitation at Truskavets' Spa. Parameters including PWC150, adaptation hormone levels, HRV, EEG, immunity, metabolism and gas discharge visualization (GDV) were recorded. Members of the control group received for two weeks standard balneotherapy: drinking of Naftussya bioactive water, application of Ozokerite, baths with mineral water, therapeutic physical education. Members of the main group additionally received a phytoadaptogen. Results. The analysis of individual changes revealed that normal levels of PWC in control group fell to the lower zone of the norm. Phytoadaptogen prevents PWC decrease. This is accompanied by the prevention of both a decrease in power spectral density (PSD) T4-θ EEG and VLF HRV, leukocytes level as well as area and symmetry of GDV, as well as an increase in vagal tone and entropy of HRV as well as a rightward shift in the symmetry of the virtual first Chakra of GDV. In addition, phytoadaptogen reverses balneotherapy-induced moderate decrease in the frequency of α-rhythm, PSD O1-β, sympathetic tone, serum levels of catecholamines, testosterone and IgG, activity of Na,K-ATPase of erythrocyte shadows as well as Energy of the first, third and fourth virtual Chakras. Phytoadaptogen potentiates the reduction of PSD P4-β, IgM and cholesterol as well as initiates the reduction of δ-rhythm variability, PSD of α-rhythm in C3, C4, P4 and Fp2 loci, entropy in F4 locus as well as serum potassium while increasing in serum cortisol and calcitonin, blood B-lymphocytes levels as well as PSD Fp2-δ. Conclusion. The phytoadaptogen "Balm Truskavets'" prevents the adverse effect of the standard balneotherapeutic complex of the Truskavets’ Spa on PWC by, apparently, its neuro-endocrine effects.

Background. It is known about wide variety of individual reactions to stress explained by genetics factors. On the other hand, it is also known about aerobic fitness variability between individuals. From the above it follows the hypothesis that inter-individual differences in normal conditions determine the characteristics of the body's response to acute stress. The purpose of this study is to test the hypothesis. Material and methods. The experiment is at 58 rats (28 males) Wistar line. Animals were tested for resistance to hypoxic hypoxia and aerobic muscular performance by swimming test. On the basis of the received data two qualitatively equivalent groups in a ratio 10/48 were formed. After a week of recovery over the next 10 days, one animal remained intact and 5 other rats were exposed to water-immersion and restraint stress. The next day after stress, the ECG recorded and some endocrine, metabolic and immune parameters determined as well as erosive-ulcerative lesions of the gastric mucosa evaluated. Results. Four clusters by hypoxic and swimming tests were created retrospectively: normal resistance to hypoxia and muscular endurance (n=11); moderately reduced resistance to hypoxia and normal swimming test (n=25); drastic increased swimming test and normal hypoxic test (n=3); significantly increased resistance to hypoxia and normal swimming test (n=9). Each cluster is characterized by specific (correctness of classification 100%) post-stress changes in 6 neuro-endocrine, 12 immune, 10 metabolic and 2 ECGs parameters, as well as the index of damage to the gastric mucosa. The swimming test determines the post-stress state of the registered parameters by 63,8%, the hypoxic test - by 57,5%, and taken together - by 79,1%. Conclusion. The post-stress neuro-endocrine, immune and metabolic parameters as well as injuries of myocardium and gastric mucosa in rats are determined significantly by innate muscular endurance and resistance to hypoxia.

The first scientific publication on general adaption syndrome, or as we know today biologic stress has been published in Nature in 1936 by the 29-year old Hans Selye.1 Szabo et al2 in the anniversary review "Stress" is 80 Years Old” conclude that despite the extensive and multidisciplinary research on stress during the last 80 years, a lot of basic and clinical research is needed to better understand the manifestations, central and peripheral molecular regulators of stress response, especially the modes of prevention/management of distress or its transformation into eustress and the treatment of stress-related diseases.

In the vast majority of publications on stress, the HPA-, HPG- and autonomous systems are the objects of research, while the place in the general adaptation syndrome of such important hormones as calcitonin and PTH has been studied only in a few publications. Another methodological shortcoming of most studies is that the subjects of analysis are limited to a single neuro-endocrine system.

Therefore, we set ourselves the goal: to analyze relationships between some adaptation hormones, HRV, calcitonin, and PTH as well as electrocardiogram and gastric mucosal damage in naїve and post stressed rats.

УДК 378.147:[378.22:61

Анотація. Метою написання статті визначено здійснення критичного аналізу змісту наукових досліджень, присвячений підготовці майбутніх магістрів медицини до педагогічної діяльності. Використано методи теоретичного аналізу наукової літератури, порівняння, сепарування, узагальнення. Встановлено, що проблема професійної підготовки магістрів медицини окреслюється здебільшого у вітчизняних дослідженнях. Узагальнено, що закордонні дослідники зосереджують увагу на різних аспектах міжособистісної взаємодії на рівні «лікар – пацієнт» у роботі практикуючих лікарів. Одним із актуалітетів наукових розвідок визначено формування педагогічної компетентності лікарського персоналу, що виявляється: у здатності комунікувати з пацієнтами, ефективно використовуючи весь обсяг медичних і психолого-педагогічних знань. Перспективи подальших наукових досліджень у цьому напрямі вбачаємо у методичному забезпеченні системи професійної підготовки майбутніх магістрів медицини до педагогічної діяльності.

Ключові слова: професійна підготовка, педагогічна діяльність, магістри медицини, лікарі.

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to clarify the content and carry out a critical analysis of scientific research devoted to the preparation of future masters of medicine for teaching activity. Methods. In the preparation of the article, the methods of theoretical analysis of scientific literature were used to determine the actualities of training future masters of medicine at the current stage of the development of medical education. The methods of separation various aspects of the pedagogical activity of doctors were used to specify the content of scientific investigations in the context of comparing the directions of professional training of medical personnel in Ukraine and abroad. The methods of summarizing the results of scientific research were aimed at determining promising directions of scientific research in the context of professional training of future masters of medicine for pedagogical activity. Results. It has been established that the problem of the pedagogical activity of medical personnel in the systems of medical education and health care attracts the attention of researchers. It was found that the problem of professional training of medical students in the master’s degree is outlined mostly in domestic studies. It is summarized that foreign researchers mostly devote their research to various aspects of interpersonal interaction at the “doctor-patient” level in the work of practicing doctors. Conclusions. One of the actualities of scientific research is the formation of pedagogical competence of medical personnel, which is manifested in the ability to teach and educate themselves and patients, as well as people who care for them, effectively using the entire scope of medical and psychological and pedagogical knowledge. An important task is outlined - to improve the system of master’s training of future medical specialists with the aim of purposefully forming the readiness of master’s graduates for teaching activities. We see the prospects for further scientific research in this direction in the methodical provision of the system of professional training of future masters of medicine for pedagogical activity.

Keywords: professional training, pedagogical activity, masters of medicine, doctors.

УДК 616.314-002:59.085

Серед величезної кількості хімічних сполук, що містяться в харчовій сировині як тварини, так і, особливо, рослинного походження є група речовин, що мають властивості біорегуляторів, здатних модулювати нейроендокринні реакції організму. Мета дослідження. Дослідження було присвячено експериментальній оцінці на щурах, на тлі карієсогенного раціону, змін біохімічних показників пульпи різців щурів під дією розробленого зубного еліксиру. Матеріали та методи. Дослідження було проведено на 30 безпородних білих щурах 30-денного віку. Як контроль використовували дві групи тварин, одна з яких знаходилася на дієті віварію, інша – на карієсогенному раціоні Стефана. Для біохімічних досліджень з різців виділяли пульпу, у гомогенатах якої визначали активність кислої та лужної фосфатаз. Блоки щелеп із зубами виділяли та очищали від м'яких тканин для підрахунку кількості та глибини каріозних ушкоджень. Визначали ступінь атрофії альвеолярного відростка нижньої щелепи. При статистичній обробці отриманих результатів використовувалася комп’ютерна програма STATISTICA 6.1. для оцінки їхньої достовірності та похибок вимірювань. Результати дослідження. З результатів дослідження видно, що утримання одномісячних щурів на карієсогенному раціоні підвищує кількість каріозних уражень з 8,3±0,9 до 15,2±1,4 (в середньому на 1 щура). При цьому збільшується глибина каріозних порожнин з 9,5±1,3 до 17,2±2,0 балів. Профілактичне застосування «Ексодент-1» знизило до нормальних значень і кількість і глибину каріозних уражень зубів щурів. Висновки. Утримання одномісячних щурів на карієсогенному раціоні підвищує кількість каріозних уражень та збільшується глибина каріозних порожнин у них. Проведені експериментальні дослідження показують досить високу карієспрофілактичну ефективність еліксиру «Ексодент-1» Ключові слова: експеримент, щури, зубний еліксир, біохімічні показники.

EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF BIOCHEMICAL INDICATORS

OF THE PULP OF RAT INCISORS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF THE DEVELOPED DENTAL ELIXIR

Among the huge number of chemical compounds contained in food raw materials of both animal and, especially, plant origin, there is a group of substances that have the properties of bioregulators that can modulate neuroendocrine reactions of the body. Purpose of the study. The study was devoted to the experimental assessment on rats, on the background of a cariogenic diet, of changes in the biochemical parameters of the pulp of the incisors of rats under the action of the developed dental elixir. Materials and methods. The study was conducted on 30 outbred white rats aged 30 days. Two groups of animals were used as controls, one of which was on the vivarium diet, the other on Stefan's cariogenic diet. For biochemical studies, the pulp was isolated from the incisors, and the activity of acid and alkaline phosphatases was determined in the homogenates. Blocks of jaws with teeth were isolated and cleaned of soft tissues to count the number and depth of carious lesions. The degree of atrophy of the alveolar process of the lower jaw was determined. During statistical processing of the obtained results, the computer program STATISTICA 6.1. was used to assess their reliability and measurement errors. Research results. The results of the study show that keeping one-month-old rats on a carious diet increases the number of carious lesions from 8.3±0.9 to 15.2±1.4 (on average per 1 rat). This increases the depth of carious cavities from 9.5±1.3 to 17.2±2.0 points. Preventive use of Exodent-1 reduced the number and depth of carious lesions of rat teeth to normal values. Conclusion. Keeping one-month-old rats on a carious diet increases the number of carious lesions and increases the depth of carious cavities in them. The conducted experimental studies show a fairly high caries- prophylactic effectiveness of the elixir "Exodent-1".

Key words: experiment, rats, dental elixir, biochemical parameters.