New 4-aryl-3-(morpholin-4-yl)-2-arylimino-2,3-dihydrothiazole derivatives 1.1-1.16 were obtained using the Hantzsch reaction by condensation of N-(morpholin-4-yl)-N'-arylthioureas with the corresponding α bromoacetophenones in alcohols. Synthesized hydrobromides 1.1-1.8 were formed as crystalline precipitates during the boiling of the reaction mixture. Bases 1.9-1.16 were obtained by neutralizing the corresponding hydrobromides with NH4OH solution. It has been proposed a possible mechanism of the reaction that is based on the study of the structure of the synthesized compounds. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR spectroscopy with its special techniques (NOESY and ROESY experiments). It has been shown the formation of the isomer 4-(4'-chlorophenyl)-3-(morpholin-4-yl)-2-(4'-chlorophenylamino)-2.3-dihydrothiazole on the basis of compound 1.14. Pharmacological screening of synthesized derivatives of 4-aryl-2-arylimino-2,3-dihydrothiazole compounds revealed the analgesic effect in the model of visceral pain caused by the introduction of acetic acid to white mice. The anti-inflammatory effect of the synthesized compounds was evaluated in vivo by reducing limb edema in rats with carrageenan-induced inflammation. Thus, the synthesized compounds have analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity.
Laser texturing seems to be a promising technique for reducing bacterial adhesion on titanium implant surfaces. This work aims to demonstrate the possibility of obtaining a functionally orientated surface of titanium implant elements with a specifc architecture with specifc bacteriological and photocatalytic properties. Femtosecond lasergenerated surface structures, such as laserinduced periodic surface structures (LIPSS, wrinkles), grooves, and spikes on titanium, have been characterised by XRD, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The photocatalytic activity of the titanium surfaces produced was tested based on the degradation efect of methylene blue (MB). The correlation between the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 coatings and their morphology and structure has been analysed. Features related to the size, shape, and distribution of the roughness patterns were found to infuence the adhesion of the bacterial strain on diferent surfaces. On the
laserstructurised surface, the adhesion of Escherichia coli bacteria were reduced by 80% compared to an untreated reference surface.
Keywords Micro/nano-structured surface, Reduced bacterial adhesion, Ultra-short pulsed laser treatment, Photocatalytic activity
: Hydroxyapatite (HAP) is the most common calcium phosphate ceramic that is used in biomedical applications, e.g., as an inorganic component of bone scaffolds. Nevertheless, fluorapatite (FAP) has gained great attention in the area of bone tissue engineering in recent times. The aim of this study was a comprehensive comparative evaluation of the biomedical potential of fabricated HAP- and FAP-based bone scaffolds, to assess which bioceramic is better for regenerative medicine applications. It was demonstrated that both biomaterials had a macroporous microstructure, with interconnected porosity, and were prone to slow and gradual degradation in a physiological environment and in acidified conditions mimicking the osteoclast-mediated bone resorption process.
Surprisingly, FAP-based biomaterial revealed a significantly higher degree of biodegradation than biomaterial containing HAP, which indicated its higher bioabsorbability. Importantly, the biomaterials showed a similar level of biocompatibility and osteoconductivity regardless of the bioceramic type. Both scaffolds had the ability to induce apatite formation on their surfaces, proving their bioactive property, that is crucial for good implant osseointegration. In turn, performed biological experiments showed that tested bone scaffolds were non-toxic and their surfaces promoted cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. Moreover, the biomaterials did not exert a stimulatory effect on immune cells, since they did not generate excessive amounts of reactive oxygen species
(ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), indicating a low risk of inflammatory response after implantation. In conclusion, based on the obtained results, both FAP- and HAP-based scaffolds have an appropriate microstructure and high biocompatibility, being promising biomaterials for bone regeneration applications. However, FAP-based biomaterial has higher bioabsorbability than the HAP-based scaffold, which is a very important property from the clinical point of view, because it enables a progressive replacement of the bone scaffold with newly formed bone tissue.
Keywords: calcium phosphates; scaffold; biomaterial; compressive strength; bioactivity; biodegradation;
biocompatibility; osteoblast; osteogenic differentiation; cytotoxicity
Алергічний альвеоліт (АА) – це імунологічно індуковане запалення легеневої паренхіми. Це захворювання поширене серед осіб, чия праця пов’язана з сільським господарством. У дощовий сезон алергічним альвеолітом хворіють до 8 % фермерів Англії і близько 4 % у США.
Найбільш поширений показник, який використовують для виявлення активності каріозного процесу є індекс КПВ, однак цей індикатор характеризує ситуацію враховуючи, зокрема, як наслідки нелікованого процесу так і результати лікування, але не описує глибини каріозного ураження у різних твердих тканинах [1]. Особливо це важливо при виявленні демінералізаційного процесу на ранньому
етапі. Тому, розпрацьовані значення, які дають змогу вивчити активність каріозних уражень спираючись на клінічні і та гістологічні дані. До таких критеріїв відносять індекс ICDAS (International Caries Detection and Assessment System) [2, 3, 4], який окрім детальної клінічної картини дає змогу спостерігати за розвитком каріозного процесу та планувати адекватне лікування.