Aim. Study of antioxidant (antiradical) activity of 6,7-dihydro-5H-imidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazine derivatives. Methods. In vitro study of antiradical/scavenging activity using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals inhibition assay; IC50 values determination. Results. The series of 29 modified derivatives of 6,7-dihydro-5H-imidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazine were evaluated
for their ability to scavenge DPPH radicals in conditions close to physiological at 5 mM concentration, and the IC50 values were determined for the most promising compounds using the serial dilutions method. The structure - antiradical activity correlations were performed and possible mechanisms of action were discussed. Conclusions. Tested 6,7-dihydro-5Himidazo[2,1-b][1,3]thiazine derivatives possess a moderate level of antiradical/scavenging activity.

Abstract. Background. The issue of the pathogenetic influence of cortisol on the development of metabolic syn- drome (MS) in children is considered. The above-threshold values of cortisol are proposed to be taken as a marker of MS. The purpose was to study the relationship between blood cortisol and MS components in children. Materials and methods. We have examined 44 children with MS (study group; waist circumference > 90th percentile of the distribution according to age and sex) and 14 children without signs of MS (controls). The children of the study groups did not differ in age and gender. Anthropometric parameters (body weight, height, body mass index, neck, waist, and hip circumferences, waist/hip circumference index), blood cortisol and leptin, blood lipid and carbohydrate spectrum (total cholesterol, high- and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, blood glucose, and insulin, HOMA-IR and glucose/insulin indices) were evaluated. The measurement of blood pressure with the calculation of the average level was conducted three times. The diagnosis of MS was formed according to the IDF guidelines, 2007. Results. It was found that the level of blood cortisol in children with MS (362.9 (255.5–634.1) μg/l) was 37.9 % lower than in controls (р > 0.05). The frequency of the above-threshold blood cortisol values in children of both groups was 31.8 and 50.0 %, respectively (р > 0.05). The study of dependence using the Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient between blood cortisol and anthropometric parameters (rmax = 0.16; p > 0.05), lipids (rmax = 0.4; р > 0.05), carbohydrate metabolism (rmax = 0.26; р > 0.05), and blood leptin (r = 0.19; р > 0.05) did not reveal any significance. A significant correlation was found between cortisol and systolic blood pressure. Conclusions. In chil- dren with MS, there was no significant difference in the level of blood cortisol compared to those without MS criteria. The association of blood cortisol and MS criteria other than systolic blood pressure has not been found. Although cortisol is important in the formation of systolic blood pressure, it cannot serve as a marker of MS in children since it is not a criterion-forming sign of MS.
Keywords: metabolic syndrome; cortisol; children

Abstract: Our study aimed to evaluate the effect of whole body vibration (WBV) treatment as an non-pharmacological method of treatment for early osteopenia in ovariectomized female rats. In total, 48 female Wistar rats were assigned to two groups: sham-operated control (SHAM, n = 12) and ovariectomized (n = 36). Four weeks after ovariectomy, the animals were divided into three experimental groups (n = 12 each): ovariectomized (OVX), ovariectomized subjected to whole body vibration with acceleration level of 0.3 g (OVX + WBV), or ovariectomized subjected to i.m. injection of Zoledronic acid at a dose of 0.025 mg/kg (OVX + ZOL). After the 8th and 16th week of treatment n = 6 rats from each group were euthanized and isolated femora were subjected to histological examination of trabecular bone and analysis of the expression of collagen 1 (Col1), osteoprotegerin (OPG), and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) involved in bone turnover. The obtained results indicated that widespread vibration therapy can provide negative outcomes such as deterioration of trabecular bone histomorphometry.

Наведено результати досліджень впливу введення ліпосомального препарату «Бутаінтерсил» на динаміку окремих показників антиоксидантної системи організму щурів при їх інтоксикації тетрахлорметаном (CCl4). Для досліджень використовували модель тетрахлорметану, яка, на думку багатьох авторів, найбільш адекватно відтворює розвиток оксидаційного стресу. Отруєння експериментальних тварин тетрахлорметаном за морфологічною картиною і біохімічними змінами є близьким до гострих уражень печінки різної етіології у людини та тварин.
Мета дослідження – вивчити вплив ліпосомального препарату «Бутаінтерсил» на антиоксидантний статус організму щурів за умов оксидаційного стресу.
Матеріали і методи. Моделювання оксидаційного стресу здійснювали на статевозрілих самцях щурів Вістар масою тіла 180-200 г. У крові щурів досліджували зміни активності глутатіонпероксидази та рівня відновленого глутатіону, а також рівні продуктів пероксидного окиснення ліпідів: гідроперекиси ліпідів та ТБК-активних продуктів.
Результати. Внутрішньом’язове введення 50 %-го олійного розчину тетрахлорметану у дозі 0,25 мл/100 г маси тіла тварини призвело до змін активності глутатіонової системи антиоксидантного захисту: зниження активності глутатіонпероксидази та рівня відновленого глутатіону. Водночас в інтоксикованих тварин спостерігали посилення процесів пероксидного окиснення ліпідів, а саме: зростання рівня гідроперекисів ліпідів та ТБК-активних продуктів протягом усього періоду досліджень. При додатковому введенні тваринам ліпосомального препарату «Бутаінтерсил» за умов інтоксикації тетрахлорметаном встановлено посилення антиоксидантного статусу. На 14-ту добу досліду активність глутатіонпероксидази та рівень відновленого глутатіону були найвищими у крові щурів другої дослідної групи порівняно з інтоксикованими тваринами у 2,1 і 2,37 раза відповідно. Також за умов дії досліджуваного ліпосомального препарату у крові щурів другої дослідної групи виявлено зниження рівня гідроперекисів ліпідів та ТБК-активних продуктів.
Висновки. Отримані результати вказують про корегуючий вплив бутаінтерсилу на параметри антиоксидантного захисту організму щурів за їх інтоксикації тетрахлорметаном.

УДК: 616.697-008.8-06:616.72-002-092:612.015.11]-07

Background. Male infertility is one of the most serious medical and social problems. Idiopathic infertility accounts for about 30 % of cases of infertile men. Rheumatoid arthritis is associated with a decreased fertility potential. The aim of the present work was to determine the lipid peroxidation level and the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase in seminal plasma and blood plasma of infertile men with idiopathic infertility and concomitant autoimmune joint pathology (rheumatoid arthritis).
Materials and Methods. 45 infertile men aged 22–48 were examined. They were divided into 2 groups: first group – 23 somatically healthy patients with idiopathic infertility; second group – 22 infertile men with rheumatoid arthritis. The control group consisted of 27 males with normal semen profile according to the WHO criteria and confirmed parenthood. The concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance and activity of antioxidant enzymes were measured in the blood and seminal plasma.
Results. When analyzing the seminal fluid, we found that the TBARS content was 4-fold greater in infertile men with autoimmune pathology compared to fertile men (p <0.001), whereas, in patients with idiopathic infertility its level was within the normal range. The activation of lipid peroxidation in infertile men with idiopathic infertility and in combination with rheumatoid arthritis was accompanied by a statistically significant decrease in the activity of enzymes of glutathione antioxidant system. It should be noted that more pronounced disorders of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes activity were found in seminal plasma compared to blood plasma.
Conclusions. (1) An increased lipid peroxidation was observed in seminal and blood plasma of infertile men in combination with rheumatoid arthritis compared to normospermic men, whereas no differences were observed between men with idiopathic infertility and fertile men; (2) An impaired antioxidant status was observed in seminal and blood plasma of both men with idiopathic infertility and infertile men in combination with rheumatoid arthritis compared to normospermic men; (3) infertile men in combination with rheumatoid arthritis showed a significantly higher lipid peroxidation levels compared to men with idiopathic infertility, whereas no differences were observed in GPx and GR activity between groups.