УДК: 616. 517-085.381.4-036

Враховуючи останні дані відносно проблеми псоріазу, а саме: наявність цілої низки нез’ясованих ланок етіопатогенезу, можлива системність порушень функціонального стану імунної системи, щитоподібної залози та мікробного пейзажу шкіри, неможливість досягнення тривалої і контрольованої ремісії, свідчить про актуальність і доцільність подальшого вивчення дерматозу, що сприятиме покращенню якості життя пацієнтів за рахунок застосування відповідних засобів терапевтичної корекції.
Мета роботи. Вивчення мікробного пейзажу шкіри і імуно-ендокринних показників та підвищення ефективності лікування у хворих з різним клінічним перебігом псоріазу шляхом застосування вузькоспектральної фототерапії.
Матеріали та методи. Під нашим спостереженням знаходилось 46 хворих на псоріаз (27 чоловіків і 19 жінок) у віці від 18 до 67 років. Групу контролю утворили 15 здорових осіб bзіставних за статтю та віком. У хворих на псоріаз визначались рівні IL-4, IL-8, IL-10, TNFα, автоантитіл до тиреопероксидази (ТПО) і тиреоглобуліну (ТГ), мікробна флора шкіри.
Результати. Виявили, що традиційні терапевтичні засоби не мають достатній коригуючий вплив на імуно-мікробіологічні порушення, а застосування вузькоспектральної фототерапії показало, що вона має акцентований коригуючий вплив на продукцію цитокінів і модулюючу дію на вміст автоантитіл до ТПО і ТГ та стан аутомікрофлори шкіри вогнищ ураження у хворих на псоріаз.
Висновки. Застосування УФВ (311 нм) у пацієнтів з псоріазом дозволяє підвищити ефективність лікування та лімітувати клінічні прояви у вигляді досягнення ремісії, значного покращення стану хворих при відсутності негативних динамічних змін.
Ключові слова: псоріаз, етіопатогенез, мікробний пейзаж шкіри, імуно-мікробіологічні порушення, фототерапія.  

УДК: 616. 5-018.74-007.14:616.13/.16

Objective. Determination of morphological features of skin lesions in patients with widespread psoriasis, study of the level of expression of immunohistochemical markers of vascularization.
Materials and methods. 80 patients with psoriasis were under observation. The control group consisted of 20 practically healthy people (control group) of the same age. All patients underwent a skin biopsy with a histological evaluation of the biopsy material to determine the form and severity of the course of psoriasis in accordance with the requirements of the morphological section of the modern classification.
Results and discussion. Applying the scale of intensity of skin vascularization according to Amin M.M. et. al. (2012), it was detected that damaged dermal areas due to psoriasis, on average, had 17.25±5.34 micro vessels at magnification (×400), which corresponds to the level of moderate vascularization (11-20 capillaries). Normal skin in control group had mean index 4.32±2.01 at (×400) at the level of weak vascularization (4-10 capillaries), which statistically reliably differs from general group (р˂0.05). Analysis of the condition of vascular bed at different levels of severity of psoriasis course showed that a number of cells at moderate degree of severity (22.65±5.87) was considerably higher than at mild psoriasis (10.09±3.22), and even more numerous than in CG (4.32±2.01). Statistically reliably both groups differ between them (р<0.05), and with CG (р<0.05). According to Fisher’s exact test, distribution of absolute meanings of monitoring of intensity of cytoplasmic staining with VEGF marker in all groups between them had a reliable difference (р<0.05). We detected a moderate correlation connection between increased intensity of VEGF expression and amplification of the severity of psoriasis course (r=+0.430). According to Fisher’s exact test, distribution of monitoring of intensity of cytoplasmic staining with MMP-9 marker in all groups between them had a reliable difference (р<0.05); a moderate correlation connection between increased intensity of MMP-9 marker expression and amplification of the severity of psoriasis course was detected (r=+0.532).
Conclusions. The results of conducted clinical, morphological and immunohistochemical investigations enable to consider importance of neoangiogenesis processes in pathogenesis of this dermatosis and need in elaboration of therapeutic measures with direct influence on this aspect of pathogenesis.
Key words: psoriasis, immunity, neoangiogenesis.

УДК 616.13-002-036-053.2-07:616.155.02

Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute systemic vasculitis that is the most common cause of acquired heart disease in children under 5 years of age with hyperthermia. Diagnosis of KD is a clinical challenge, given the wide range of clinical manifestations and similarities with many viral and bacterial diseases. Purpose - to describe a clinical case of refractory КD in a three-month-old girl with an emphasis on the importance of echocardiography and coronary angiography for the final verification of the disease, urgent initiation of treatment with minimal suspicion of КD. Clinical case. The article reports on a three-month-old patient with a difficult diagnosis of refractory form of КD. The disease debuted with hyperthermia, enterocolitis, obstructive bronchitis, and hepatoliver syndrome. The manifestations of skin exanthema were initially considered as an allergic dermatitis to the use of a cephalosporin antibiotic. Multisystemic inflammatory syndrome associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection was suspected. After the use of immunosuppressive therapy with mega-doses of dexamethasone and intravenous human immunoglobulin 2 g/kg/day for 3 days, clinical improvement was achieved. Subsequently, the haemogram showed an increase in neutrophilic hyperleukocytosis to the appearance of blast cells, hyperthrombocytosis and severe anaemia. A differentiation was made between a leukemic reaction, the debut of myeloproliferative disease, juvenile myelomonocytic leukaemia. Against the background of a rapid decrease in the number of leukocytes, the girl developed hyperthermia, migratory intermittent maculopapular rash, and foots edema. Laboratory findings included thrombocytosis and an increase in acute-phase parameters. Echocardiography revealed left ventricular dilation, a small amount of excess fluid in the pericardium, dilatation of the left coronary artery evenly to the bifurcation. Computed tomography revealed giant coronary artery aneurysms, which gave grounds to diagnose KD

УДК: 616.53-002:616.155.3-008.13]-085.8-078.73

Introduction. Acne is one of the most common dermatological diseases. It may have a chronic course, leaving permanent marks, and in last years has been tending to have more and more severe clinical course with widespread skin lesions. According to recent studies, the development of acne is due to the combined effect of endogenous and exogenous factors, among which endocrine diseases, disorders of metabolic processes, reduced systemic immunity and phagocytic ability of mononuclear phagocytes and granulocytes at various stages of phagocytosis of pyogenic cocci, which contributes to more severe clinical course, and frequent relapse of this diseases. It was also proved that the intestinal microbiota plays an important role in the formation of homeostasis and immune response. The Objective of the study is to determine the evolution of phagocytosis indices in patients with acne under different comprehensive treatments, using oral antibiotics, immunotherapy (PRPtherapy), probiotics, low-dose birth control pills and IPL- therapy.
Materials and methods. We observed 93 women with acne aged from 18 to 25 years old. In 19 (20.43%) patient mild acne was diagnosed, in 41 (44.09%) – moderate acne, in 33 (35.48%) persons – severe acne, 54 (58.06%) persons suffered from acne up to 1 year, 39 (41.93%) – from 1 to 3 years. To assess the state of phagocytosis in patients with acne vulgaris, we determined phagocytic activity (PA) and phagocytic index (PI) of polymorphonuclear leukocytes, nitro blue tetrazolium recovery test (NBT test spontaneous) and NBT-test pyrogenal stimulated by recognized methods.
Results. Analysis of the studied parameters of phagocytosis at the end of treatment showed a significant increase in patients of the core group who were administered a comprehensive treatment which included oral antibiotic, probiotic, and low-dose birth control pills, PRP-therapy and IPLtherapy, as compared with the patients of other groups under study.
Conclusions. Using combined therapy for women with acne occurring against the backdrop of a sluggish process of phagocytosis and concomittant intestinal dysbiosis leads to normalization of the leading indices of phagocytosis (PI, PA, NBT tests both spontaneous and stimulated), and enchances their phagocytic activity both during capture and formation of bactericidal activity and in the final stages of phagocytosis justifying the feasibility of a combined use of antibiotics, probiotic, low-dose birth control pills PRP-therapy and IPL-therapy in the treatment of acne.
Key words: acne, phagocytosis, probiotic, PRP-therapy, IPL-therapy, low-dose birth control pills. 

УДК 616.311.2-002+616.314.17-008.6:616.12-005.4]-085.272-07(048.8)

Реферат. Плейотропные эффекты статинов при лечении генерализованного пародонтита у пациентов с ишемической болезнью сердца: клинические и экспериментальные исследования (обзор литературы). Мартовлос (Годована) О.И., Скибчик О.В., Соломенчук Т.М. Высокая распространенность генерализованного пародонтита у больных ишемической болезнью сердца (ИБС) диктует необходимость совершенствования существующих методик и поиска новых путей пародонтологического лечения данной категории кардиологических больных. Статины группа гиполипидемических препаратов, которые широко применяются в качестве лекарственных средств первичной и вторичной профилактики сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний, в основе которых есть атеросклеротическое повреждение сосудов. Кроме функции снижения холестерина, статинам присущ целый ряд плейотропных эффектов, в том числе и противовоспалительных, иммуностимулирующих, антибактериальных, антиоксидантных, а также остеотропных эффектов. В результате анализа научных работ отечественных и зарубежных авторов, посвященных изучению влияния плейотропных эффектов статинов на состояние тканей пародонта, установлено улучшение пародонтологических показателей, в частности структуры десен, уменьшение глубины пародонтальных карманов, кровоточивости десен и подвижности зубов у пациентов, принимавших статины. Экспериментальные исследования in vitro и in vivo демонстрируют снижение уровня провоспалительных цитокинов (IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, TNF и др.), которые играют ключевую роль в развитии генерализованного пародонтита, а также ускорение репаративных процессов в костной ткани альвеолярного отростка с участием статинов местного применения. Несмотря на перспективность использования статинов в качестве основного или дополнительного медикаментозного средства при лечении заболеваний пародонта, вопрос дозировки и способ местного введения препарата во избежание нежелательных побочных эффектов остается спорным и требует дальнейших исследований

The high prevalence of generalized periodontitis in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) requires improving the existing ways of periodontal treatment of this category of cardiac patients and finding new ones. Statins are a group of lipid-lowering medications that are widely used for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases due to atherosclerotic vascular lesions. In addition to the cholesterol-lowering effect, statins have several pleiotropic effects, including anti-inflammatory, immune-stimulating, antibacterial, antioxidant, osteotropic etc. The analysis of scientific studies of native and foreign authors devoted to studying the influence of pleiotropic effects of statins on the condition of periodontal tissues revealed improvement of periodontal indicators, in particular, gum structure, reduction of the periodontal pockets depth, gum bleeding, and tooth mobility in patients on statin therapy. Experimental in vitro and in vivo studies show a decrease in proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, TNF-a, etc.), which play a key role in the development of generalized periodontitis, as well as the acceleration of reparative processes in alveolar bone tissue when administering topical statins. Despite the prospects of using statins as the main or additional agent in the treatment of periodontal diseases, the question of dosage and method of local delivery of the medication for avoiding the undesirable side effects remains controversial and requires further research.

Abstract. Pleiotropic effects of statins in treatment of generalized periodontitis in patients with coronary artery disease: clinical and experimental study (literature review). Martovlos (Hodovana) O.I., Skybchyk O.V., Solomenchuk T.M.

The high prevalence of generalized periodontitis in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) requires improving the existing ways of periodontal treatment of this category of cardiac patients and finding new ones. Statins are a group of lipid-lowering medications that are widely used for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases due to atherosclerotic vascular lesions. In addition to the cholesterol-lowering effect, statins have several pleiotropic effects, including anti-inflammatory, immune-stimulating, antibacterial, antioxidant, osteotropic etc. The analysis of scientific studies of native and foreign authors devoted to studying the influence of pleiotropic effects of statins on the condition of periodontal tissues revealed improvement of periodontal indicators, in particular, gum structure, reduction of the periodontal pockets depth, gum bleeding, and tooth mobility in patients on statin therapy. Experimental in vitro and in vivo studies show a decrease in proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, IL-1β, TNF-a, etc.), which play a key role in the development of generalized periodontitis, as well as the acceleration of reparative processes in alveolar bone tissue when administering topical statins. Despite the prospects of using statins as the main or additional agent in the treatment of periodontal diseases, the question of dosage and method of local delivery of the medication for avoiding the undesirable side effects remains controversial and requires further research.