The effectiveness of texture-feature estimation by two popular image-analysis tools – the MaZda application and the PyRadiomics package was compared in the article. The study used images acquired with five imaging methods: X-ray, CT, MRI, ultrasound, and dermatoscopic imaging. Feature vectors generated for each modality were used to build classification models (LR, SVM, MLP, RF, ET) aimed at identifying specific disease entities. The results obtained clearly indicate the higher effectiveness of the MaZda application.
The article analyses the possibilities and features of using artificial intelligence technologies in the educational process of higher medical schools in the conditions of digitalisation and transformation of the learning environment. Modern approaches to the integration of artificial intelligence tools in the training of medical students, in particular, intelligent learning systems, educational chatbots and adaptive platforms, are considered, and their potential for personalising learning, increasing motivation and efficiency of learning material assimilation is assessed. Special attention is paid to analysing the risks and limitations of artificial intelligence in medical education, in particular the impact on the development of critical thinking, ethical and legal aspects, as well as issues of data reliability and security. The empirical basis of the study is the results of anonymous questionnaire survey of more than 200 students and interns of medical and dental faculties, conducted at the Department of Medical Informatics, Faculty of Postgraduate Education, Danylo Halytskyi Lviv National Medical University. The frequency and directions of using artificial intelligence tools in the educational process, their impact on the understanding of complex topics, the speed of completing academic tasks and academic performance, as well as the level of students' trust in the information obtained were analysed. The results of the study indicate a high prevalence of the use of artificial intelligence technologies among medical students and their predominantly positive impact on learning activities, provided that a critical approach to information processing is maintained. The feasibility of gradual and controlled integration of artificial intelligence technologies into the educational process with a focus on the development of critical thinking, information security and ethical responsibility of future medical professionals is substantiated.
This paper presents a comprehensive review of bending sensors and their classifications. The main focus is on advancements in the design of optical fibre bending sensors based on fibre Bragg gratings (FBGs). Various measurement principles employed in optical fibre bending sensors are analysed, highlighting their respective advantages and limitations. Particular attention is given to sensors utilising long period gratings (LPGs), Tilted fibre Bragg gratings (TFBGs), and multicore (MCF) fibre structures, which demonstrate significant potential for the development of highly sensitive and compact bending sensing systems.
Vertebral compression fractures are often the initial sign of systemic osteoporosis. Early detection and targeted treatment are crucial to prevent additional skeletal damage. Methods: Ten patients with systemic osteoporosis and confirmed lumbar compression fractures were examined (mean age 63 ± 2 years; 8 women, 2 men). All fractures occurred before patients were aware of their osteoporosis. Laboratory tests included 25(OH)D, CRP, calcium, ionized calcium, and phosphorus. DXA scans were performed at the hip and lumbar spine. Initial results showed vitamin D levels at 18.7 ± 1.3 ng/mL (normal 30), CRP at 7.25 ± 1.1 mg/L (normal <5), phosphorus at 0.65 ± 0.07 mmol/L (normal 0.81), and ionized calcium at 0.81 ± 1.1 mmol/L (normal 1.1). Femoral neck T-score was −2.2 ± 0.1, Z-score −2.3 ± 0.1; lumbar spine T-score +2.5 ± 0.1 and Z-score +2.8 ± 0.1, reflecting degenerative artifacts. All patients received vitamin D 5600 IU, ibandronic acid 150 mg monthly, and Osteogenon two tablets twice daily for 60 days. Results. After six months, improvements were observed in clinical, laboratory, and densitometric assessments. Vitamin D levels normalized in 9 patients (33.2 ± 2.3 ng/mL). DXA showed positive changes: hip T-score increased to −1.9 ± 0.1 and Z-score to −1.8 ± 0.1; lumbar spine T-score rose to −1.7 ± 0.1 and Z-score to −1.6 ± 0.1. Conclusion: The combined therapeutic approach of vitamin D repletion, anabolic vitamin D repletion, anti-resorptive therapy with ibandronic acid, and adjunctive Osteogenon recting metabolic abnormalities and enhancing bone mineral density. These findings support the importance of comprehensive, multimodal management in patients with systemic osteoporosis and vertebral compression fractures.
УДК 616.132.2-089.819:616-056.5]-06:613.84
У дослідженні оцінено вплив куріння на динаміку метаболічних показників у пацієнтів з ІХС протягом 12 місяців реабілітації після АКШ. Встановлено, що курці незалежно від віку мали більш виражені проатерогенні метаболічні порушення: атерогенну дисліпідемію, вищі рівні HbA1c, сечової кислоти та СРП, причому найбільш несприятливі показники спостерігали у курців віком до 60 років. Після відмови від куріння протягом року реабілітації саме у колишніх курців відзначено найбільш виражене покращення ліпідного, вуглеводного та пуринового обміну. Водночас рівень СРП зростав у всіх групах. Отримані результати свідчать про значний внесок куріння у формування проатерогенних метаболічних порушень та демонструють позитивний вплив відмови від куріння на їх корекцію після АКШ.