Restoration of the motor function of the musculoskeletal system impaired due to innervation damageis an important clinical problem. In the study the potential therapeutic effect of C60 fullerene application was estimated in the Wistar rat model of neurogenic muscle atrophy caused by nervus ischiadicus injury. The animals were divided into the following: control, injury, injury+С60 groups. C60 fullerene aqueous solution was administrated orally for 30 days after ischiadicus injury at a daily dose of 1 mg/kg. Biomechanical parameters of gastrocnemius muscle contraction and biochemical indices (creatinine, lactate, reduced glutathione content as well as creatine phosphokinase, lactate dehydrogenase, catalase and superoxide dismutase activity) in the blood of rats were estimated on day 30 after nerve transection. It has been found that muscle strength response in the injury+С60 group was significantly enhanced, in particular, the muscle force impulse was increased by more than 30 ± 2% compared to the injury group. The studied biochemical indices of the muscle
fatigue and oxidative stress in the blood of experimental animals had a pronounced tendency to increase after the initiation of the muscle neurogenic atrophy, while under the influence of C60 fullerene they decreased compared with the injury group. In our opinion, C60 fullerene prevented significant dysfunction of the gastrocnemius muscle after neurogenic atrophy by exerting an antioxidant effect and improving its contractile activity.
K e y w o r d s: C60 fullerene, muscle gastrocnemius, neurogenic atrophy, muscle contraction, biochemical indicators.
УДК: 616.714-089.843-073.7-018.1
Ключові слова: нижня щелепа, зубощелепний апарат, регенерація кісткової тканини, β-трикальційфосфат, гістоструктура, імуногістохімія, ультраструктура.
УДК 616.61–036.12–06:616.12–008.9] –092–036–07–038–037–08(048.8)
Introduction. Cardiorenal metabolic syndrome (CRMS) is a complex, multisystem disorder resulting from the intricate interplay between cardiovascular, renal, and metabolic dysfunctions. In individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD), CRMS markedly elevates the risk of cardiovascular events, progressive kidney function decline, and overall mortality. Despite its clinical relevance, CRMS remains underdiagnosed, and both its pathophysiological mechanisms and management approaches continue to evolve. Accordingly, a thorough and up-to-date synthesis of the available scientific evidence is essential.
The aim of the study. To conduct a comprehensive review of current scientific information on the pathogenesis, diagnostic approaches, risk factors, prognosis, and therapeutic perspectives of cardiorenal metabolic syndrome in patients with chronic kidney disease, based on an analysis of the literature and the description of a clinical case.
Results. The review identified the key pathophysiological mechanisms underlying CRMS in CKD, including hemodynamic disturbances, neurohormonal activation, chronic inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction. Current diagnostic strategies—encompassing both conventional methods and emerging biomarkers—were analyzed. Particular emphasis was placed on risk stratification models, prognostic indicators, and therapeutic perspectives, including the use of SGLT2 inhibitors and comprehensive renoprotective approaches. The presented clinical case further illustrated the typical course and management challenges of CRMS in the context of CKD.
Conclusions. CRMS in patients with CKD necessitates an interdisciplinary approach to both diagnosis and treatment, incorporating clinical evaluation, laboratory testing, and instrumental diagnostics. Early identification, accurate risk stratification, and the application of modern therapeutic strategies are critical for improving patient outcomes and slowing the progression of the disease.