UDC 616.314.17-008.6-06:616.61-003.7]-08-0

Abstract. The complexity of treating generalised periodontitis arises not only from an incomplete understanding of its developmental mechanisms but also from its strong association with various systemic diseases. On the one hand, such conditions create a favourable environment for the progression of dental pathology. On the other hand, generalised periodontitis itself can often trigger or exacerbate somatic diseases.

This study aimed to confirm the clinical efficacy of a proposed therapeutic and prophylactic agent, applied locally as part of the complex therapy for generalised periodontitis in patients with urolithiasis.

Materials and Methods. A comprehensive treatment protocol was conducted for 148 patients with urolithiasis who presented with generalised periodontitis of first- and second-degree severity. 75 patients (the main group) received the developed product in the form of a topical film, while 73 patients (the control group) were treated according to standard periodontal management and treatment plans. The product in the form of a dental film provides anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anti-edematous, wound healing, and localized anaesthetic effects and is intended for topical use in the oral cavity. Its composition includes metronidazole, emulsifier OS-20, saccharin, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and purified water. According to the utility model, it additionally contains dexpanthenol 20%, decamethoxine and trimethacaine. The effectiveness of treating generalised periodontitis in patients with urolithiasis was determined by both subjective and objective criteria. Objectively - using the PMA, ARI and Loe-Silness indices, which were determined before treatment, immediately after treatment and after 3, 6, 9 and 12-13 months.

The Results and Discussion. The clinical evaluation indicates a positive therapeutic effect of the proposed drug composition in the form of a dental film when used in the complex treatment of generalised periodontitis in patients with urolithiasis. Radiologically, after treatment, stabilisation of the pathological process in patients with first-degree generalised periodontitis and concurrent urolithiasis was noted in 93.55% of patients in the main group, and 82.25% in patients in the control group. For second-degree periodontitis, these values were 75.76% and 61.87%, respectively. The developed method of complex treatment for patients with generalised periodontitis using an anti-inflammatory film achieved sustained stabilisation of the dystrophic-inflammatory process in periodontal tissues after 6 months: in 94% of patients with first-degree periodontitis and 76% of those with second-degree periodontitis in the main group. In the control group, these figures were 53% and 40%, respectively. Twelve-month remission in the main group was observed in 62.76% of patients with first-degree periodontitis and in 45.16% of those with second-degree periodontitis, whereas in the control group, only 5.3% of first-degree periodontitis cases achieved remission.

Conclusions. The obtained results of the periodontal tissue condition showed the high efficiency of the local use of dental film in the complex treatment of generalised periodontitis in patients with urolithiasis, which provides a significant improvement in clinical indicators of treatment effectiveness. The developed method for treating generalised periodontitis helps prevent exacerbations of the pathological process in the long term after treatment and helps prevent complications. The method is simple, affordable, and economical and can be recommended for implementation in medical institutions of any level where patients with generalised periodontitis are treated.

Keywords:generalised periodontitis; urolithiasis; dental film; complex treatment; іndex assessment of periodontal status.

КЛІНІЧНА ОЦІНКА РЕЗУЛЬТАТІВ ЛІКУВАННЯ ГЕНЕРАЛІЗОВАНОГО ПАРОДОНТИТУ В ХВОРИХ СЕЧОКАМ’ЯНОЮ ХВОРОБОЮ

Анотація. Складність лікування генералізованого пародонтиту обумовлена не тільки відсутністю чітких уявлень про механізми розвитку цього захворювання, а й досить високим ступенем асоціації захворювань пародонта із рядом системних захворювань, які, з одного боку, є сприятливим підґрунтям для розвитку стоматологічної патології, а з іншого - сам генералізований пародонтит нерідко може бути причиною маніфестації розвитку соматичних хворіб.

Мета дослідження – підтвердити клінічну ефективність місцевого використання запропонованого лікувально-профілактичного засобу в комплексній терапії генералізованого  пародонтиту в хворих сечокам’яною хворобою.

Матеріали та методи. Нами проведено комплексне лікування генералізованого пародонтиту І та ІІ ступеня тяжкості в 148 пацієнтів хворих сечокам’яною хворобою (75 пацієнти склали основну групу із застосуванням розробленого нами засобу у вигляді плівки для місцевого застосування та 73 – контрольну групу) по протоколу пародонтологічного ведення та планом лікування. Засіб у формі стоматологічної плівки забезпечує протизапальну, антимікробну, протинабрякову, ранозагоювальну, місцевознечулюючу дію та призначений для місцевого застосування в порожнині рота. Засіб включає метронідазол, емульгатор ОС-20, сахарин, натрійкарбоксиметилцелюлозу та воду очищену, згідно з корисною моделлю, додатково містить декспантенол 20%, декаметоксин і тримекаїн. Ефективність лікування генералізованого пародонтиту в хворих сечокам’яною хворобою визначали за суб’єктивними та об’єктивними критеріями. Об’єктивно – за допомогою індексів РМА, АРІ та LOE-Silness, які визначали до лікування, безпосередньо після завершення лікування та через 3, 6, 9 та 12-13 місяців.

Результати досліджень та їх обговорення. Клінічна оцінка свідчить про позитивний терапевтичний ефект запропонованої лікарської композиції у вигляді стоматологічної плівки при застосуванні в комплексному лікуванні генералізованого пародонтиту у пацієнтів з сечокам'яною хворобою.Рентгенологічно після проведеного лікування стабілізація патологічного процесу в хворих генералізованим пародонтитом І ступеня на фоні сечокам’яної хвороби відмічена в 93,55% хворих основної групи, і 82,25% у пацієнтів контрольної групи. При пародонтиті ІІ ступеня тяжкості ці показники були 75,76% і 61,87% відповідно.Опрацьована методика комплексного лікування хворих генералізованим пародонтитом з використанням протизапальної плівки дозволила добитися стійкої стабілізації дистрофічно-запального процесу в тканинах пародонта через 6 місяців: у 94% I ступеня і 76% II ступеня тяжкості генералізованого пародонтиту хворих основної групи, тоді як в контрольній групі цей показник складав 53% і 40% відповідно. Ремісія тривалістю 12 місяців у пацієнтів основної групи при генералізованому пародонтиті I ступеня відмічена у 62,76% хворих, а при II ступені важкості - у 45,16% обстежених. У контрольній групі хворих тільки у 5,3% хворих з генералізованого пародонтиту I ступеня вдалося добитися ремісії перебігу.

Висновки. Отримані результати стану тканини пародонта засвідчили високу ефективність місцевого використання стоматологічної плівки в комплексному лікуванні генералізованого пародонтиту  пацієнтів із сечокам’яною хворобою, що забезпечує достовірне покращення клінічних показників ефективності лікування. Розроблений метод лікування генералізованого пародонтиту дозволяє уникнути загострення патологічного процесу у віддалені терміни після проведеного лікування і сприяє профілактиці ускладнень. Метод простий, доступний, економічний і може бути рекомендований до впровадження в лікувальних установах будь-якого рівня, де лікуються хворі генералізованим пародонтитом.

Ключові слова: генералізований пародонтит; сечокам’яна хвороба; комплексне лікування; стоматологічна плівка; індексна оцінка пародонтального статусу.

Background: Narrowing or blocking blood vessels in the neck and legs can lead to life-threatening consequences, including stroke, insufficient blood supply to the legs, and delayed wound healing.
Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted using the Cochrane database from 2019 to 2024. Thirteen relevant studies were included using MeSH keywords, encompassing randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies.
Results: This review analyzed data from 13 studies conducted between 2019 and 2023, with diverse sample sizes and follow-up durations. A major RCT in 2019 involved 4,754 participants and a follow-up period of 12.4 years. All studies focused on stenotic-occlusive vascular lesions in peripheral lower limb and extracranial arteries. Surgical interventions included bypass surgery, endarterectomy, and endovascular stenting. Outcomes demonstrated high primary patency rates, improved ankle-brachial index (ABI), limb salvage, and enhanced functional results, such as increased walking distance and better quality of life. For instance, SUPERA stenting reported 100% primary patency at 12 months and a procedural success rate exceeding 98%. Complications, including infection, thrombosis, and bleeding, were noted but with low periprocedural mortality. Success rates depended on patient-specific factors and precise surgical planning. Additional follow-up revealed that long-term durability of surgical techniques varied across patient groups, emphasizing the importance of tailored management.
Conclusion: Surgical procedures, including bypass surgery, angioplasty, stenting, and endarterectomy, are highly effective for treating arterial occlusion or stenosis. These approaches significantly improve survival chances and functional outcomes while reducing risks when proper management is ensured. Advancing surgical techniques remains critical for enhancing vascular intervention success rates.

Abstract

Background: In recent years, dramatic political changes and the ensuing war in Ukraine have led to a significant increase in the number of stress-related disorders, in particular among military personnel. The study was designed to evaluate the prevalence and distribution of mental health disorders among the Ukrainian military referred to inpatient assessment and treatment at a large military psychiatric hospital located in Kyiv, Ukraine. Methods: The study was a retrospective analysis of 9109 inpatient admissions to the psychiatric clinic of national military medical clinical centre in Kyiv, Ukraine, between January 2014 and December 2018. Most of the patients were contracted military service officers, 2014-2018. Results: The population suffered from a wide range of mental illnesses. Neurotic, stress-related, and somatoform disorders were predominant among the officers, while psychotic disorders, personality disorders, and mental retardation were prevalent among the conscripts. In 2016-2018, the nosological structure of mental disorders remained stable with the highest prevalence of stress-related and somatoform disorders, except a decrease in substance use disorders and an increase in psychotic disorders. Among the outpatients discharged (n = 128) in 2017-2018, the majority had sleep disturbances and flashbacks (73%); anxiety and irritability (84%); and suffered from fatigue and low mood (80.9%). The level of satisfaction with the social benefits and support from the authorities of the veterans was extremely low (7.4%). Conclusion: The study revealed the impact of war trauma on the mental health of the service members, necessitating the development of specific preventive measures and digital mental health tools to support military personnel resource shortages and stigma.

Background: In recent years, dramatic political changes and the ensuing war in Ukraine have led to a
signifcant increase in the number of stress-related disorders, in particular among military personnel.
The study was designed to evaluate the prevalence and distribution of mental health disorders among
the Ukrainian military referred to inpatient assessment and treatment at a large military psychiatric
hospital located in Kyiv, Ukraine.
Methods: The study was a retrospective analysis of 9109 inpatient admissions to the psychiatric clinic
of national military medical clinical centre in Kyiv, Ukraine, between January 2014 and December
2018. Most of the patients were contracted military service ofcers, 2014-2018.
Results: The population sufered from a wide range of mental illnesses. Neurotic, stress-related, and
somatoform disorders were predominant among the ofcers, while psychotic disorders, personality
disorders, and mental retardation were prevalent among the conscripts. In 2016-2018, the nosological
structure of mental disorders remained stable with the highest prevalence of stress-related and
somatoform disorders, except a decrease in substance use disorders and an increase in psychotic
disorders. Among the outpatients discharged (n=128) in 2017-2018, the majority had sleep disturbances
and fashbacks (73%); anxiety and irritability (84%); and sufered from fatigue and low mood (80.9%).
The level of satisfaction with the social benefts and support from the authorities of the veterans was
extremely low (7.4%).
Conclusion: The study revealed the impact of war trauma on the mental health of the service
members, necessitating the development of specifc preventive measures and digital mental health
tools to support military personnel resource shortages and stigma. 


Human autonomy in the field of healthcare as one of the fundamental principles in medical practice, the value of legal medicine and a tool for the formation of a human-centered healthcare system has been researched. Medical sorting and autonomy in decision-making have been considered, clinical and priority triage has been allocated, key principles of priority sorting have been proposed. It has been found out that the principle of autonomy in priority medical sorting is subject to significant restrictions, which negatively affect the observance of human rights in the field of healthcare. It has been noted that ensuring the individual mobility of persons with disabilities with the maximum possible degree of their autonomy, independence from outside assistance will guarantee the constitutional principle of equality of all people in their rights and freedoms.