УДК 534.05:616-008.842/.848

The ever-increasing harmful effect of endo- (products of inflammatory processes of genital tissues) and exogenous factors (environmental conditions) on the body of women and animals (cows) leads to a substantial decrease in ova fertilisation during mating and artificial insemination. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify changes in the signs of physical condition (colour, consistency, fluidity, impurities, etc.) and ratios (homeostasis) of H2O mass, organic (OS) and inorganic (IS) substances of uterine-vaginal mucus (UVM) should be used to assess their harmful effect on the fertilisation of cows after their first insemination. The following methods were used for this study: ocular estimate of the physical condition of freshly obtained mucus; gravimetric assessment of the features of changed mass parameters of its dry residue (DR) components; mathematical and statistical analysis of certain indicators. Determined by the gravimetric method, the features of the imbalance of mass (g, mg), its distribution (%) and ratios (Im:1, Ic:1) in the system of the “medium — substance” type due to the harmful effects of endogenous factors (products of inflammatory processes) indicate that the secretions of the genitals released during oestrus are characterised not only by changes in signs, but also ±2-4 times different from the norm (control) indicators of the mass of components. Under such circumstances, the distribution of substances in the DR samples of the experimental group is expressed by the series, where the mass OS1˃IS˃OS2, but in the control group — OS1˃IS˃OS2. This means that the products of inflammatory processes released by the genitals of cows change the norm of homeostasis of the mass (distribution of components) of OS and IS of the biological system of the “medium — substance” type. Indicators of the obtained mass ratios between component pairs H2O: DR; H2O: OS2, H2O: OS1,H2O: IS (control group — 63:1, 586:1, 231:1, 109:1; experiment group — 42:1, 310:1, 87:1, 112:1), except for the H2O: IS pair (P˂0.05), indicate the presence of probable changes in the homeostasis of OS and IS in the “H2O — components” system. The high probability (P˂0.02; ˂0.001) of the detected changes is inherent in the “DR –components” system, namely: if the average ratio indicators of pairs DR: OS2; DR: OS1; DR: IS samples of the control group are 9:1, 4:1, 2:1, then the same indicators in the experimental group are 7:1, 3:1, 2:1, respectively

 Introduction. Almost all patients, who have experienced acute manifestations of COVID-19, regardless of the severity of the acute phase of the disease, are only at the beginning of a long way to recovery. According to experts, SARS-CoV-2 infection should affect almost 80% of the world's population, so all these patients to a greater or lesser extent will need a rehabilitation of certain manifestations of postcovid syndrome.

Purpose: to study the effectiveness of rehabilitation program and the dynamics of cognitive impair- ment and manifestations of chronic fatigue syndrome in patients after coronavirus disease.

Methods: The study design included 60 patients after SARS-Cov-2 infection. Among the examined patients there were 26 (43,3%) women and 34 (56,7%) men. An average age of the patients was 43,9±1,08 years. Patients were referred to the Department of Physical Rehabilitation after corona- virus disease with chronic fatigue and cognitive disorders syndromes. Accordingly, all patients, who participated in the study, were divided into two groups: group I - 28 patients with a general condition of moderate severity at the hospital stage and 32 patients - group II, with severe course of the disease and oxygen demand at the hospital stage. Depending on the duration of rehabilitation, two observation periods were used - on the 7th and 14th day of rehabilitation program.

Results: It has been proven, that patients, who didn’t need oxygen, were complaining about anos- mia, cephalgia, cognitive impairment, increased anxiety and fatigue. Dysgeusia, dyssomnia, and depression were more common in patients, requiring oxygen therapy at the hospital stage. Rehabil- itation program eliminated cognitive dysfunction, depression, cephalgia, drowsiness and dyssom- nia on the 7th day in patients, who did not require oxygen therapy (p>0,05), and in patients, who needed oxygen therapy - on the 14th day of the rehabilitation program (p>0,05). However, 2 (6,3%) and 3 (9,4%) patients, who needed oxygen therapy, even after 14 days of rehabilitation had mani- festations of minor recurrent headache and drowsiness.

Conclusion: Thus, patients after coronavirus disease, who needed oxygen therapy at the hospital stage, need long-term rehabilitation program.  
Keywords: postcovid syndrome, anxiety, depression, drowsiness, rehabilitation 

УДК 616.311.2+616.314.17.) – 06:616.1/.4] -036

The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of concomitant somatic pathology on periodontal tissues.
Materials and methods. 104 patients, aged 28–46 years, with diseases of periodontal tissues, who had somatic pathology, were involved in the study. The examined persons were divided into groups: 35 persons (group 1) with pathology of the hepatobiliary system, 37 persons (group 2) with pathology of the gastrointestinal tract, and 32 persons (group 3) with pathology of the cardiovascular system.
The comparison group included 30 people with periodontal tissue diseases without somatic pathology.
To determine the depth and prevalence of the inflammatory process of the gums the Svrakov’s number indicator was used. Oral hygiene was assessed according to the Silness-Loe and Stallard indices. The papillary-marginal-alveolar index (C. Parma, 1960) was determined to assess the severity of gum inflammation. 
Bleeding gums were assessed by the gum’s papilla bleeding index according to Muhllemann. Statistical processing of the research results was carried out with a computer program for variational and statistical analysis of medical and biological research data “GraphPad Prism 5”.
Results and discussion. Patients with diseases of periodontal tissues against the background of somatic pathology had the highest percentage of chronic generalized periodontitis of the II degree, in contrast patients of the comparison group had the highest percentage of chronic generalized periodontitis of the initial – I degree.
Svrakov’s number in patients with periodontal disease against the background of somatic pathology significantly (р ˂0.05) exceeded the indicators of patients of the comparison group. At the same time, there is no significant difference between the results of groups 1, 2 and 3.
The highest values of the indexes of Silness-Loe and Stallard were recorded in patients with the cardiovascular system pathology, which significantly (p<0.05) exceeded the data in the comparison group, but did not significantly differ from the results of patients with pathology of hepatobiliary system and gastrointestinal tract.
The papillary-marginal-alveolar index data were the highest in patients with hepatobiliary system pathology (64.25 ± 8.19%), which significantly (p<0.05) exceeded the results of the comparison group and in individuals of groups 2 and 3.
The highest indicator of the bleeding index is 1.98 ± 0.22 points in patients of the 1st group, which significantly exceeds the indicators in the group of people without somatic pathology and in the group of patients with pathology of gastrointestinal tract and cardiovascular system.
Conclusion. The conducted studies show that the presence of somatic pathology contributes to the development of periodontal tissue diseases, and certainly aggravates their course, which is proven by the results of the index assessment.
Keywords: periodontitis, somatic pathology, periodontal indices.

УДК 616.314.9-002:616.7]-018.2-053.4

Abstract. Аssociation between incidence of caries of temporary teeth and pathology of the musculoskeletal system 
in preschool children, considering biochemical markers of connective tissue metabolism. Bodnaruk N.I.,  Smolyar N.I., Chukhray N.L., Mashkarinets O.O., Gan I.V. The aim is study biochemical markers of connective tissue  metabolism in children with musculoskeletal disorders and their association with dental caries of temporary teeth. There  were examined 232 children at the age of 5 (202 children with musculoskeletal disorders and 30 conditionally healthy  children without somatic pathology). Among children with musculoskeletal disorders 68 (33.66%) had flat feet, 59  (29.21%) – postural impairment and 75 (37.13%) – combined pathology of the musculoskeletal sestem. For further  research, the children were divided into three groups, 30 people in each. Group І included children with pathology of the musculoskeletal system, dental caries, without oxyproline in urine; group ІІ – with pathology of the musculoskeletal  system, dental caries and oxyproline in urine; group ІІІ – with dental caries and without oxyproline in urine. Urinary excretion of glycosaminoglycans using a nephelometric test with cetylpyridinium chloride was determined. The concentration of creatinine in urine was measured in units of weight in the formation of a chromogenic complex of a solution of picric acid with creatinine in an alkaline medium. Dental status was assessed in terms of caries prevalence, deft index and severity of dental caries. The prevalence of caries of temporary teeth in 5-years old children with musculoskeletal disorders was on average 90.6±2.05%, deft index ─ 6.62±0.20, being significantly higher than in children without somatic pathology (respectively 70.83±4.45% and 5.15±0.34, р<0.001). Oxyprolin was detected only in the urine of children with combined pathology of musculoskeletal system (on average 3.53±0.11 units). The excretion rates of glycosaminoglycans in children with pathology of the musculoskeletal system, dental caries and oxyproline in urine (gr.ІІ) were two times higher than the reference range (415.37±15,09 CPCh units / 1 g creatinine, р<0.001). In the absence of oxyproline in urine, both in somatically healthy children (gr. ІІІ) and in children with pathology of the musculoskeletal system (gr. І), the levels of excretion of glycosoaminoglycans were within the reference range (respectively 198.83±10.71 and 203.87±12.52 CPCh units / 1 g creatinine. The levels of daily excretion of creatinine were within the normal range in children of gr. ІІІ (1.17±0.13 g/day; in children of gr. І they were 2.85 times lower (0.41±0.05 g/day, p<0.001); in children of gr. ІІ – 6.5 times lower (0.18±0.02 g/day р<0.001). In children of gr. ІІ, a negative correlation was found between the levels of creatinine and oxyproline (τ= -0.68, p<0.05). The absence of oxyproline in the urine of children of gr. І and ІІІ indicates the absence of collagen decay in their bodies. In children with pathology of the musculoskeletal system against the background of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia (gr. ІІ), a strong, positive correlation was found between the deft index and levels of urinary excretion of oxyproline (τ= +0.77, p<0.05) and glycosaminoglycans (τ= +0.90, p<0.05), which indicates that the development of dental caries depends on the severity of the pathology of the musculoskeletal system.

To date, according to statistics, in Ukraine there is an increase in the number of infertile marriages. Many studies have emphasized the male factor of infertility Often, male infertility is the result of a previous infectious disease or an acute genital inflammation. Microorganisms that infect sperm usually persist in the urinary tract as a monoinfection or form associations. Microorganisms in biofilms are able to acquire new, not yet studied, properties. Persistence of pathogens in the urogenital tract of men triggers several mechanisms of the pathological action on sperm, the first of which is the infectious factor, directly related to the adhesion and resulting in a complete or partial decrease in the mobility and deformation of sperm. On the other hand, the development of the inflammatory process as a trigger of an immune response directed simultaneously against the infectious agent and the affected sperm. The increase in the number of leukocytes at the site of inflammation activates the secretion of biological substances which also have a damaging effect on sperm. The generalized data allow drawing a conclusion about the significant influence of opportunistic and pathogenic microorganisms as part of associations or monoinfection on the morphofunctional state of spermatozoa.