Background. The study of the problem of physical and mental health of people who have survived combat trauma is a component of a wide field of research on the problem of stress, which manifests itself at all levels of the organization of the body. Combat injuries, in particular those of the areas of pelvis and genitourinary system, stressful events, lead to the development of erectile dysfunction (ED). In recent decades, a sufficient number of scientific facts have been accumulated, which confirm the significant influence of stress factors on the reduction of sexual desire and sexual activity. Therefore, determination of Ca²⁺,Mg²⁺- and Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase activity on a convenient model like peripheral blood lymphocytes add complexity to the understanding of the development of the pathophysiological and pathobiochemical mechanisms of the body, the result of which is the development of ED.

Materials and methods. The research was conducted on peripheral blood lymphocytes of men injured as a result of combat operations (shrapnel and bullet wounds) in the Russian-Ukrainian war and treated at the Military Medical Clinical Center of the Western Region. The research group of men with combat injuries was divided into two subgroups: men aged 20–39 years (subgroup 1) and men aged 40–53 years (subgroup 2). The control group consisted of 48 practically healthy men without complaints of sexual dysfunction or cardiac, neurological or endocrinological pathology. Among the men of the control group were 30 men aged 20–39 years (subgroup 3) and 18 men aged 40–53 years (subgroup 4).

Results. It has been shown that in the peripheral blood lymphocytes of men injured as a result of hostilities, there is a decrease in Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase activity and Ca²⁺,Mg²⁺-ATPase activity of the plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum, which leads to overloading of the cytosol with Na⁺ and Ca²⁺ ions, respectively, which is characteristic of pathological processes.

Conclusion. Erectile dysfunction due to combat trauma is accompanied by a decrease in both Ca²⁺,Mg²⁺-ATPase activity of the plasma membrane and Ca²⁺,Mg²⁺-ATPase activity of endoplasmic reticulum of blood lymphocytes. As the age of patients with disorders of sexual function increases, the decrease in Ca²⁺,Mg²⁺-ATPase activities becomes more expressed. In men with erectile dysfunction due to combat trauma, the activity of Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase is also inhibited. According to the ROC curve, Ca²⁺,Mg²⁺-ATPase activity of the endoplasmic reticulum in blood lymphocytes is a potential biomarker of erectile dysfunction

UDC 616.89-008.46/.47-057.36-056.83-039.51:616.89-008.19]-07

   The article presents the results of a psychodiagnostic study aimed to identify cognitive impairment and comorbid depressive states in the military with alcohol-induced mental and behavioral disorders. Up to 50 % of borderline cognitive disorders were found in patients of both groups (N = 85). Depressive symptoms were found in 100 % of patients in the experimental group; 95.21 % demonstrated anxiety symptoms. Depression has been shown to correlate with cognitive impairment in patients with alcohol-induced mental and behavioral disorders. To reduce cognitive impairment, the patients of both groups were administered Cytoflavin metabolic drug in combination with traditional treatment. Following the course of treatment with addition of Cytoflavin, in 68 (80 %) patients of both groups there was a decrease in the cognitive dysfunction symptoms, normalization of sleep, and improvement of mood, which affected the quality of life in patients of both groups.

   У статті викладено результати психодіагностичного дослідження з метою виявлення когнітивних порушень та коморбідних депресивних станів у військових з розладами психіки та поведінки внаслідок вживання алкоголю. У пацієнтів обох груп (N=85) виявлено до 50% пограничних когнітивних відхилень. У 100% пацієнтів дослідної групи виявлено депресивні симптоми; у 95,21% - симптоми тривоги. Доведено, що депресія корелює з проявами когнітивних порушень у пацієнтів з розладами психіки та поведінки внаслідок вживання алкоголю. Для усунення когнітивних порушень пацієнтам обох груп було призначено в комплексі до традиційного лікування метаболічний препарат цитофлавін. У 68 (80%) пацієнтів обох груп після курсу лікування з додатковим призначенням цитофлавіну відзначалися зменшення проявів когнітивної дисфункції, нормалізація сну, покращення настрою, що впливало на якість життя пацієнтів обох груп.

Background: Human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA) is a vector-borne natural focal disease that is not officially registered in Ukraine. The first 13 cases of HGA in adults in Ukraine were identified in 2007. The purpose of our study was to develop a predictive model of HGA based on clinical and laboratory characteristics to develop a three-level standard case definition of HGA.
Materials and Methods: Researchers examined 498 patients with suspected tick-borne infections and carried out a retrospective clinical and epidemiological analysis of 60 cases recruited from Lviv regional infectious disease hospitals. Logistic regression was used to create a model of the probability of the diagnosis of HGA depending on the presence of certain clinical and laboratory factors that, when examined, together may help to confirm a case of HGA. For logistic regression, eight clinical and laboratory factors were selected: history of tick bite, hyperthermia, signs of pharyngitis, changes in chest X-ray picture (enhancement of the pulmonary pattern and enlargement of the lung root boundaries), increased bilirubin (>21 lmol/L), increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT >36 U/L), erythema migrans, and detected Lyme disease.
Results: In the presence of all eight factors, the probability of HGA is 95.7%. When the five main signs are absentsigns of pharyngitis, changes in chest X-ray picture, increased bilirubin and ALT, and a history of tick bite the probability of HGA in the patient dramatically decreases to 6.8%, meaning that HGA might be excluded.
Conclusions: Based on the analysis of epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory signs, criteria for establishing a suspected, probable, and confirmed diagnosis of HGA have been developed to improve diagnosis

With the onset of the Covid-19 pandemic, the dominant pathogen of acute respiratory infections (ARI) became the coronavirus. Cases of coronavirus disease are registered throughout the year, with increase in the incidence in the autumn-winter period. Since the fall of 2022, the appearance of the type A influenza virus has been noted, which caused a severe course of the flu in patients. The aim of our study was to compare the distribution of laboratory-confirmed cases of Covid-19 and influenza. From January 2022 to April 2023, 4,205 nasopharyngeal swab specimens from Lviv Regional Infectious Disease Hospital inpatients with suspected ARI were examined by PCR. Also, from November 2022 to April 2023, 392 samples from the above-described patients were also examined for influenza. Covid-19 was laboratory confirmed in 1238 cases (29.5%). The age of the patients ranged from 2 to 94 years. One of the highest levels of laboratory-confirmed cases was recorded in January 2022 where 309 positive out of 578 collected cases (53.5%), with a decrease to 10% in June. An increase of morbidity was observed in August (46.8%) and September (56.5%). Since October, a decrease in the indicator (32.2%) was registered, followed by a drop in the level of laboratory-confirmed cases of the coronavirus disease to 5.2% in November and 1.9% in December. Since January 2023, there has been an increase in incidence rates with a peak (39.5%) in February and a subsequent gradual decline to 17.6% in April 2023. However, since November, the number of confirmed cases of influenza has increased sharply to 53.4% and 35.3% in December. Hospitalized patients with influenza had a severe course of the disease. Three patients had positive tests for Coronavirus and influenza A at the same time. From January to April 2023, no laboratory-confirmed cases of influenza A were reported, which corresponds to the increase in the incidence of Covid-19. Thus, in the structure of ARI, along with the coronavirus, the type A influenza virus plays an active role, both in terms of the number of cases and the severity of the course. That is, it can be possible that these pathogens compete with each other

Background: The high rate of infection with COVID-19 in patients worldwide and Europe, and mutation of viruses have led to the emergence of variants of SARS-CoV-2. On November 26, 2021, the SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.529, or Omicron variant, was recognized as a new Variant of Concern (VOC). We hypothesized that the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants in Ukraine followed the prevalence of Delta and Omicron in Europe. To test this hypothesis, we performed a retrospective study to determine the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 variants circulating among patients hospitalized at Lviv Regional Infectious Diseases Hospital (LRIDH) in 2022.

Methods: From January 2022 to October 2022, 994 LRIDH inpatients were PCR positive for COVID-19. From these positive samples, 225 were selected for further analysis by the randomization method. Samples represented three stages. Stage 1 positive samples included the months of January and February. Stage 2 samples included the months of July and August, and stage 3 samples were from October of 2022. The presence SARS-CoV-2 spike S371L/ S373P mutations (Omicron, B.1.1.529) and the presence of Spike T478K mutations (Delta, B.1.617.2) were determined using VirSNiP SARS-CoV-2 Spike S371L S373P and "VirSNiP SARS-CoV-2 Spike T478K (TIB MOLBIOL LightMix, Germany). Testing was performed at the virological reference laboratory of the Public Health Center in Kyiv city, Ukraine. Statistical analysis was conducted using Chi-square tests.

Results: For stage 1, (January and February 2022) 75 samples (33.3%) were examined. Of these, 54 (72%) were Omicron and 16 (21.3%) were Delta. No mutation was detected in 5 samples (6.7%) (Ct˃30). Omicron (without sub-lineage) was found in 17 samples (31.5%), BA.1 sub-lineage in 21 samples (38.9%), BA.2 sub -lineage 10 samples (18.5%), and in 6 samples (11.1%) BA.2/BA.3 sub-lineage. In stage 2, 142 samples (63.1%) were examined. Of these, 134 (94.4%) were Omicron, and for 8 (5.6%), no mutation was detected. Omicron BA.2 was identified in 128 (95.5%) of these samples. In stage 3, (October 2022) 8 samples (3.6%) were examined. All were Omicron and BA.5.1 was found in 3 samples (37.5%), BA.5.2 in 1 sample (12.5%), BA.5.2.1 in 2 samples (25%) and in 2 samples (25%) BA.5.2.6.

Conclusions:Studying the evolution of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and detecting its mutation makes it possible to predict the severity of the disease and the effectiveness of vaccination. The results are consistent with our hypothesis that in Ukraine, the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 variants were consistent with Europe. The obtained results showed that the viruses circulating in Ukraine belong to the global genetic line B originating from China with a slight shift in time. In Ukraine, these tests can be performed routinely to assess the epidemiological situation and prevent the increase of the SARS-CoV-2 morbidity.