COVID-19 vaccines are considered the most promising approach for curbing the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide. However, COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is increasing worldwide and remains a main concern among vulnerable population including those who are immunocompromised. Studies indicate that people living with HIV, presents poorer COVID-related outcomes compared to those without HIV. This study focuses on understanding reason and beliefs for Covid-19 hesitancies in Ukrainian people living with HIV. We examined COVID-19 vaccination coverage among 70 HIV-positive patients treated at the HIV Unit in “Lviv Oblast Information and Analytical Center for Medical Statistics” (Ukraine) between December 2021 to April 2022. HIV Registry software was used for statistical processing of results. Among the surveyed patients, majority were men (68.6%) and age of the respondents was ranged from 18 to 68 years. 32.9% respondents refused to get SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Among the patients refusing to get vaccinated, 30.4% knew about their HIV status for more than five years, and 43.5% were diagnosed with clinical Stage 4 HIV/AIDS. At the time of the survey, 62.5% of patients had a CD-4 count below 200 cells/ml. More than half of the participants expressed having doubts about the vaccine (52.2%), chose the answer “I have doubts about the vaccine” from the proposed, and 21.7% did not indicate the reason for refusal of vaccination. The rest of the respondents chose the answers “recently had coronavirus infection” – 13.1%, few (8.7%) felt that since they were unemplyed they did not need to be vaccinated and few (4.3%) other had a low count of CD4 cells (less than 100) therefore were hesitant to get vaccinated. About 32.9% of HIV/AIDS patients surveyed, for whom vaccination was indicated and could protect against the severe course and risk of death from COVID-19, did not receive specific prophylaxis. The most common reason for refusing vaccination was doubts about the quality of the vaccine (52.2%). This population may benefit from educational and informational activities on the reasoned safety of vaccination to address vaccine hecitantcy among this high-risk groups.

UDC 616–093+547.789

Aim. Synthesis, structure determination, in vivo study of anti-inflammatory (anti-exudative) and ulcerogenic activity, estimation of an impact of novel pyrazolin-5-one bearing thiazolidin4-ones on liver function. Methods. Organic synthesis: multicomponent reactions (MCRs), [2+3]-cycloaddition reactions. Spectral methods: IR, LC-MS, 1H NMR. Biological methods: study of anti-cancer activity (NCI NIH, USA) protocol for 3-cell line panel); carrageenin-induced inflammatory paw edema model of white rats, biochemical laboratory tests (ALT, AST, ALP, γ-GGT levels determination); evaluation of ulcerogenic action. Results. The series of novel C-5 and N-3 substituted 2-[(1,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) amino/imino]thiazolidin-4-ones had been synthesized using MCR and [2+3]-cycloaddition reactions as potential biologically active compounds. The results of screening anti-exudative activity revealed that the tested derivatives possess promising anti-inflammatory effect. The SARs were formed and possible mechanisms of their action were discussed. Conclusions. The results presented in paper suggest that the design and synthesis of new pyrazolin-5-on/ thiazolidin-4-one hybrids as potential molecules are an attractive area for the search for novel agents with promising pharmacological properties.
K e y w o r d s: antipyrine, pyrazolin-5-one, thiazolidin-4-one, hybrids, multicomponent reactions, tautomers/rotamers; anticancer/anti-inflammatory activity

 Aim: to develop an algorithm for dental supervision of drug addicts with dental caries. 

UDC [591.4+612.084]:616.716.8 

The research was devoted to the study of the processes of regeneration of the alveolar process of the jaws of experimental animals under the influence of osteotropic drugs. The study was conducted on 50 Wistar rats of herd breeding aged 30 days at the beginning of the experiment. The duration of the experiment was 30 days. The animals were withdrawn from the experiment under thiopental anesthesia, and the jaws were isolated. Excised fragments of jaw bone tissue were fixed in neutral 10 % formalin, decalcified, and embedded in paraffin. The sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The experimental study on animals made it possible to study the effectiveness of the phased application of osteotropic drugs on the processes of local bone resorption. These studies should be taken into account in the development of treatment and prevention complexes for children with osteogenesis disorders.
Key words: rats, experimental research, osteogenesis, complex of preparations, carcinogenic diet.

UDC 616.314-089.5:616.716.4 

The study was dedicated to the improvement of the safety and effectiveness of conduction anesthesia on the mandible using an alternative method of mandibular anesthesia with appropriate anatomical justification and further testing of its clinical effectiveness. The anthropometric parameters of 91 dry anatomical preparations of the adult mandible were studied. Clinical observations were conducted in 440 patients aged 18 to 65 years. A total of 220 anesthetizations were performed using the traditional Inferior Alveolar Block technique and 220 anesthetizations using the Back Low Block technique for the treatment of caries and its complications. According to the results of a comparative evaluation of mandibular anesthesia using the traditional and the proposed methods with the use of standard anesthetic, a greater effectiveness of anesthesia in the Back Low Block technique was proved, as evidenced by an increase in the index of local anesthesia.