УДК 616.697:616.72-002.77-092:612.015.11]-07

According to modern ideas, the development of pathological processes in the body, in particular relat-ed to infertility, is accompanied by a violation of the mechanisms of antioxidant protection of cells. Hyperproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is found in many pathological conditions, both related to the reproductive system and not directly related to it. Excessive ROS production, is thought, to be caused by an imbalance between prooxidants and the antioxidant system and causes damage to the sperm membrane, chromosome DNA, and initiates sperm apoptosis that leading to infertility.The aim – to study of the functional state of the pro- / antioxidant system in the seminal fluid and serum of infertile men with concomitant pathology.Material  and  Methods. The studies were performed on the serum and seminal fluid of infertile men aged 22–48 years with diagnosed idiopathic infertility (n=23) and rheumatoid arthritis (n=22). The control group consisted of 27 men of the same age. The ejaculate was analyzed according to WHO recommendations (2010). Determination of malonic dialdehyde (MDA) concentration was performed based on its interaction with 2-thiobarbituric acid. The state of the antioxidant system of semen and blood serum was concluded based on determining the total antioxidant activity by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using a commercial test system manufactured by Elabscience (ELISA, USA). Results. It was found that in patients with autoimmune pathology, the concentration of MDA in the serum exceed-ed the control group by 2.25 times, and in idiopathic infertility – by 2.16 times. In semen, the content of MDA in men with infertility due to autoimmune pathology is likely to exceed 4 times the control values. In patients with idiopathic infer-tility, the content of MDA in the seminal fluid was within normal limits. Against the background of intensification of lipid peroxidation processes, the overall antioxidant activity decreases. At autoimmune pathology it decreases in 8.1 times.Conclusion. Oxidative stress is one of the immunopathogenetic mechanisms of development of male infertility against the background of autoimmune pathology and idiopathic infertility.

UDC 612.616:612.015.11:612.014.484

About 15% of married couples in the world suffer from infertility. In approximately 50% of cases, the main problem lies in the male factor. Male infertility is a multifactorial syndrome that encompasses a wide range of disorders. Infertility in men without an established history is called "idiopathic infertility". The aim of the work was to compare reproductive function of men according to spermogram indicators for both a control (normozoospermia) and an experimental (idiopathic infertility) groups. The study consisted in studying spermogram indicators in patients of both groups according to WHO recommendations and comparing them with each other and with reference values. Comparison of physicochemical indicators of ejaculate revealed that the volume of ejaculate in groups II and I did not reliably differ from each other, as did the pH indicator. The indicators of the time of dilution of ejaculate in persons with idiopathic infertility significantly increased (by 1.4 times) in comparison with men of the control group. Reliable violations of the quality indicators of ejaculate, characterized by a decrease in sperm motility by 1.6 times, were revealed. The number of immobile spermatozoa was 1.7 times higher in idiopathic infertility compared to control values. A 1.8-fold decrease in the concentration of fructose in the ejaculate correlated with pronounced processes of sperm motility and viability impairment. The indicator of the concentration of citric acid, which reflects the functional state of the prostate gland and the endocrine function of the testicles, was 1.7 times higher in patients with idiopathic infertility compared to the control group. The content of zinc in seminal fluid differs most between infertile men and men of the control group, it was 3.4 times lower in men with idiopathic infertility. Thus, the obtained data on the indicators of spermograms denote that reproductive problems in men with idiopathic infertility consist in a reliable violation of the qualitative indicators of ejaculate especially in reduced mobility. Which correlates with changes in the index of liquefaction time, which increases and biochemical indicators (decrease in the concentration of fructose, citrate and zinc) compared to ejaculate indicators in men with normozoospermia.