УДК: 614.1:313.13:312.2:616.22-006.6(477)(477.83)"2010/2019"
Aim. Analysis of the epidemiological block of the model of early detection and prevention of laryngeal malignancies.
Material and Methods. A retrospective analysis of morbidity and mortality from malignant neoplasms of the larynx among the population of Ukraine and Lviv region for ten years (from 2010 to 2019). Statistical data of the National Cancer Registry of Ukraine were used. The following methods are used in the work: medical- statistical analysis, system approach, and structural- logical analysis.
Results and Discussion. The primary incidence of laryngeal cancer among the population of Ukraine decreased by 6% (from 5 cases per 100,000 population in 2010 to 4.7 cases per 100,000 population in 2019). In Lviv region, there was an increase in the level of primary morbidity by 12.3% (from 5.7 cases per 100,000 population in 2010 to 6.4 cases per 100,000 population in 2019). In 2010-2019, the mortality rates from laryngeal cancer in Ukraine and Lviv region were in the range of 2.7-3.1 and 2.8-4.6 cases per 100,000 population, respectively. The proportion of men with newly diagnosed
laryngeal cancer was 94.4-95.8%, and women - only 4.2-5.6%. Analysis of sex and age incidence of laryngeal cancer in Ukraine in 2019 showed that the highest rates among both men and women were in the age group of 60-74 years. The proportion of patients with stage IV laryngeal cancer in Ukraine in 2010 and 2019 was 10.2% and 15%, respectively. A similar indicator in the Lviv region in 2010 was 12.6%, and in 2019 - 20.8%. Mortality
up to one year from among newly diagnosed patients in 2019 in Ukraine was 25.1%, and in Lviv region - 23%. In Ukraine in 2019, the proportion of patients detected at professional examinations was 11.2%, in Lviv region -only 0.7%.
Conclusion. The incidence of malignant neoplasms of the larynx among the population of Lviv region during the study period was higher than the national. There was a tendency to reduce the death rate from laryngeal cancer in both Ukraine and Lviv region. In men, laryngeal cancer is more common than in women in Ukraine and the Lviv region. The incidence of malignant neoplasms of the larynx is highest among people 60 years and older. There
was a low proportion of patients identified during preventive examinations, as well as high mortality rates up to one year from diagnosis and neglect of the malignant process.