UDC 612.12-019:612.745].015.5:797.2 

An experimental study of the adaptation mechanisms to the physical load of swimming was performed by analyzing the changes in the hematological parameters of rats` peripheral blood. Integrative markers of cellular immune inflammation were calculated based on the ratios between formed blood elements. At the beginning of the research, the resistance of rats to hypoxic hypoxia was determined. Medium-resistant animals were selected for the experiment. Then they were trained by swimming for 10 days using an additional load. At the end of the experiment, an increase in the resistance of these animals to hypoxic hypoxia was noted. An increase in the concentration of hemoglobin and erythrocyte indices was found during the analysis of red blood parameters. A decrease in segmented neutrophils, an increase in lymphocytes, and a decrease in thrombocytes were registered. In our analysis of the integrative markers related to cellular immune inflammation, we observed significant changes in all indicators reflecting the anti-inflammatory effects of the physical exercises we applied. Notably, there were no signs of overtraining and overload. The use of such markers is highly practical, as they provide an adequate, effective and available means of evaluating the organism`s adaptive potential when performing functional loads of various intensity and duration.