УДК 616.311.2-002-036.12-053.2-056.5-08

Abstract. Research in recent years indicates a high prevalence of periodontal tissue diseases in children and adolescents. It has been proven that in children with overweight, periodontal tissue diseases occur much more often than in children with normal weight. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to justify and clinically evaluate the effectiveness of a complex of therapeutic and preventive measures in children with chronic catarrhal gingivitis on the background of overweight. For this purpose, 158 children with overweight aged 12-15 years were examined. All children were divided into the main group, the comparison group and the control group. The clinical assessment of the intensity of the inflammatory process and the effectiveness of the treatment of HCG was carried out based on clinical signs and periodontal indices. For the treatment of HCG in children with overweight, a therapeutic and preventive complex was developed, which included: teaching children and their parents about hygiene, the rational choice of hygiene products, professional oral hygiene 2 times per year, and for children with moderate and severe gingivitis – 3-4 times; sanitation of the oral cavity; local application of our patented gel and mouthwash. It was recommended to rinse the oral cavity with herbal anti-inflammatory agents at home, correction of nutrition was carried out. In the comparison group and the control group, the treatment of HCG was carried out according to local protocols. The effectiveness of the HCG treatment was evaluated by the dynamics of clinical indicators during follow-up examinations the next day, after 5-6 and 12-14 days according to the criteria of «normalization», «improvement», «no change». It was established that the use of the developed complex for HCG treatment in children with overweight contributed to more pronounced normalization of clinical symptoms compared to children who received conventional treatment. The effectiveness of the treatment is also evidenced by a significant decrease in periodontal indices at all follow-up periods. Thus, the analysis of the immediate clinical results of the HCG treatment in children with overweight of the main group testified to the reliably high therapeutic effectiveness of the composition of local action in the form of gel and mouthwash on the inflammatory process in the periodontal tissues compared to the generally accepted method of treatment. Local pharmacological correction of the inflammatory process in the periodontal tissues contributed to the elimination of inflammation and improved oral hygiene.
Key words: chronic catarrhal gingivitis, periodontal indices, children, overweight, treatment.

УДК 616.311.2-002-053.2-08-06:616.899]-078-079

Abstract. The aim of the study was to analyze the dynamics of immunological and microbiological changes in the oral cavity of children with oligophrenia during the treatment of chronic catarrhal gingivitis. It was observed 54 children of 12 years old with І stages of oligophrenia to assess these changes. The main group included 26 children and a comparison group was formed from 28 children. Treatment of HCG in children of the main group was carried out according to the worked out scheme, which included the local application of anti-inflammatory gel “Holisal”, rinsing the oral cavity with anti-inflammatory and antibacterial agents. Askorutin, Echinacea-Lubnipharm and vitamin-mineral complex were prescribed as endogenous agents. Nutrition correction was also performed. In children of the comparison group, HCG treatment was carried out in accordance with regional protocols for dental care (professional oral hygiene, antiseptic treatment of the gingival mucosa, use of therapeutic and prophylactic pastes, oral hygiene training). Therapeutic measures in children with HCG and oligophrenia were used twice a year. The content of immunoglobulins A, M, G, secretory immunoglobulin A and interleukin spectrum in oral fluid, also changes in the biocenosis of the oral cavity at different periods of observation (after 1 and 6 months) were studied in the dynamics to assess the immunological and microbiological status of children during the treatment of HCG. Analysis of the results of the study of immunological and microbiological parameters of the oral cavity in children with oligophrenia in the treatment of HCG shows an improvement in local immunity, that evidenced about stabilization of immunological parameters of oral fluid (reduction of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4, TGF-β1, increased levels of IgA, G, M, sIgA in the oral fluid), and the normalization of the biocenosis, that indicate on the positive dynamics of the microbial landscape of dental plaque. 
The results of clinical observations also confirm the effectiveness of the proposed complex for the treatment of HCG in children with oligophrenia.
Key words: HCG, children, oligophrenia, microbiological and immunological changes.