UDC 615.322:615.451.1

Actuality. The widespread use of herbal drugs with anti-inflammatory and nephroprotective properties stimulates the search for new active biological substances. Of particular interest are plants from the Ranunculaceae family, especially Anemone nemorosa, which contains a range of potentially bioactive components such as anemonin, protoanemonin, and others. Understanding the acute toxicity, anti-inflammatory, and hypoazotemic activity of Anemone nemorosa extracts opens possibilities for the development of new therapeutic agents based on this plant. Materials and methods. Ethanol extracts were obtained from the aerial parts of Anemone nemorosa harvested during the flowering period. The study included the examination of oral acute toxicity conducted on Wistar rats over 14 days, anti-inflammatory activity using the carrageenan-induced paw edema method in Wistar rats, and hypoazotemic activity on models of healthy and acute renal failure in Wistar rats. Results. The extracts showed no acute toxicity at the administered dose. It was established that the oral administration of the extracts is non-toxic up to a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight. The anti-inflammatory tests did not reveal significant therapeutic effects. However, the hypoazotemic tests demonstrated a reduction in blood urea and creatinine levels, and an increase in these indicators in urine, especially under conditions of acute renal failure, indicating a strong diuretic effect of the extracts. Conclusions. The Anemone nemorosa extracts exhibited strong hypoazotemic and diuretic activity, which may be beneficial for the treatment of kidney diseases. The absence of anti-inflammatory activity requires further analysis and possible modification of extraction methods. The study results support the potential use of this plant in developing new nephroprotective phytopreparations. © O. Khropot, Yu. Konechnyi, G. Lavryk, I. Tymchuk, O. Pinyazhko, V. Lubenets, R. Konechna.