УДК 616.686-002.5:[616.98:578.828.6]

Co-infection of tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) creates a deadly combination,
increasing susceptibility to disease progression.
Objective — to analyze clinical manifestations and treatment outcomes of drug-resistant (DR) pulmonary
(PTB) in patients with HIV/AIDS.
Materials and methods. We retrospectively analysed the medical files of patients with HIV/AIDS-DR-PTB
(n = 61) and drug-susceptible (DS) PTB (HIV/AIDS-DS-PTB; n = 49).
Results and discussion. A total of 9.8 % of patients with HIV/AIDS-DR-PTB were hospitalised in serious
condition and had a longer mean hospital stay (61.7 vs. 23.1 days). HIV/AIDS-DR-PTB was more likely to lead
to a fatal outcome (26.2 % vs.11.9 %). Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistance to R was more common than
resistance to HRZE and Pre-Extensively resistance (34.4 % vs. both 18.0 %; p < 0.05). Disseminated PTB,
destructive lesions were more frequently diagnosed in patients with HIV/AIDS-DR-PTB. A destructive process
was detected 1.8 times more frequently in patients with HIV/AIDS-DR-PTB (52.1 % vs. 29.3 %). HIV/AIDSDR-
PTB was often complicated by intoxication and cachexia. HIV/AIDS-DR-PTB was often complicated by
intoxication/cachexia (54.1 % vs. 28.0 %; p < 0.01). Respiratory failure was significantly more common in HIV/
AIDS-DR-PTB patients (90.2 % vs. 59.5 %; p < 0.01), which occurred on background of PTB with chronic
bronchitis (60.7 % vs. 33.3 %; p < 0.01). Cerebral cryptococcosis (32.8 % vs. 9.5 %; p < 0.01) and spastic tetraplegia
(9.8 % vs. 0 %; p < 0.05) were more frequently detected in patients with HIV/AIDS-DR-PTB.
Conclusions. The results showed a high rate of multidrug resistance (42.6 %). Severe intoxication, cachexia,
chronic bronchitis, and respiratory failure were associated with the development of DR-PTB. HIV/AIDSassociated
DR-PTB led to disability in 55.7 %, with mortality 2.2 times. Disseminated PTB and destructive
lesions were more frequently diagnosed in HIV/AIDS-associated DR-PTB patients.
Keywords
Pulmonary tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, drug-resistant tuberculosis.