ANALYSIS OF X-RAY DIAGNOSTIC SERVICE ACTIVITIES IN LVIV REGION FOR THE PERIOD OF 2015-2020 YEARS

УДК: 614.2:616-073.7:303.4

The aim of this work was to assess the current state of the X-ray diagnostic service in the Lviv region, namely, to identify existing problems and elaboration of ways to solve them.

Material and Methods. A retrospective analysis of the current state of the X-ray diagnostic service in the Lviv region was carried out in comparison with the data throughout Ukraine for 2015-2020 years. The information was received according to the data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine.

Results and Discussion. Analysis of changes in the total number of X-ray diagnostic apparatuses in the Lviv region for 2015-2020 years showed a slight downward trend in their number. Thus, as of the end of 2020 year, the total number of such apparatuses on the balance of regional health care institutions was equal to 452 units, which is 7,38% less than in 2015year. In the Lviv region and in Ukraine as a whole, there was a decrease in the number of devices of X-ray image amplifiers (X-ray IA) ((by -10,96% and -5,28%) and fluorographs (by -23,08% and - 17,49% respectively). At the same time, there was a significant increase of angiographic apparatuses (by +66,67% and +81,54%), CT scanners (by+40,00% and +26,32%), and mammography machines (by +33,33% and +12,46% respectively). The number of carried-out diagnostic fluorograms for 1 operating apparatus in the Lviv region during the studied period was decreasing, and the same trend persisted in 2020 year as well: Тgrowth2018/2015=-5,07%, Тgrowth2020/2019=-7,64%, just like the quantity of diagnostic fluorograms for one position of a radiologist: Тgrowth2018/2015=-11,76%, Тgrowth2020/2019=-20,78%. While the number of CT per one operating device and on one position of a radiologist in the Lviv region for the last 5 years significantly increased and in 2020 year was equal to 10605 studies /1 device and 220 studies/1 physician, but only in the last year, the growth was by +29,16% and +41,03%, although the number of operating tomographs remained unchanged for the last 5 years (n=5). Such a significant positive trend is explained by intensive work of the X-ray diagnostic service during the Cоvid-19 pandemic.

Conclusions. The decreased frequency of the fluorographic and radiological studies and the increase of the number of diagnostic CT scanners in the Lviv region have been determined. A number of problems in the work of the X-ray diagnostic service have been identified, the most important of which are the significant overload of radiologists, particularly, during the Cоvid-19 pandemic and lack of modern equipment. Modern healthcare is competitive and therefore, in the conditions of today's needs, the development of the most modern visualization technologies is very important, the key of which are computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in the field of radiation diagnostics.

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Biometric and biochemical indicators as factors of metabolic risk among footwear industry workers: the relationship with work conditions

Introduction. The presence of a connection of metabolic syndrome (MetS) with working conditions in various professional groups dictates the necessity to use diagnostics of its presymptomatic phase in the practice of occupational medicine.
The aim was to analyze the indices of anthropometric screening and blood lipid spectre among footwear industry workers with the aim of detecting early metabolic disorders..
Methods. It was conducted a cross- sectional study of 200 footwear industry workers: 119 male (59.5%) and 81 female (40.5%) aged 25 to 62. All workers were divided into groups according to their professional working experience: under 5 years,6 - 14 years, 15 - 21 years. Anthropometric profile indexes were determined: body height (BH), body weight (BW), waist circumference (WC) and hip circumference (HC), body mass index (BMI), waist - to - hip
ratio (WHR). Biochemical indicators of the lipid body balance were assessed by total cholesterol (TCH), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL CH), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL CH), atherogenic coefficient (AC).
Results: Visceral obesity was detected among 60.56% of female work ers and 30.91% male workers. It has been found that the increasing tendency of WHR was associated with the increase of working experience. The share of workers with normal body weight according to BMI accounts for 39.7 - 41.18%.
Lipid metabolism indices among workers with working experience under 5 years do not differ from referent norm and are characterized as dyslipidemia in the experience group of 15 - 21 years. The signs of MetS development were detected in 5.0 - 5.26% (experience group under 5 years), 10.7 - 11.1% (6 - 14 years), and 23.5 - 31.8% (15 - 21 years) of footwear indu stry workers. It was higher in male workers (18.3%), than female (11.7%).
Conclusions. Professional factors in footwear industry increase the risk of develop ing MetS components. Inclusion of anthropometric and lipid statuses assessments into the monitoring of health state will help to detect individuals with early dysmetabolic disturb ances and to develop preventive instruments directed at saving metabolic health of workers in the branch.
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