The aim. Study of the attitude of parents with medical and pharmaceutical and other educations to vaccination of their children from the point of view of social pharmacy.

Materials and methods. An anonymous online survey of 1,566 respondents (of whom 302 are parents with medical and pharmaceutical education) on the Google Form online service in the Viber mobile application and on the Facebook social network, which was conducted from September 16, 2021 to October 6, 2021.

Methods of analysis, synthesis and generalization were used.

Results. A high degree of commitment to vaccination among the respondents was established (almost 9 out of 10 parents). 26.1 % of respondents motivate the refusal by the inadequate quality of vaccines, 25.7 % consider vaccination to be inappropriate; 24.3 % do not administer preventive vaccinations to children due to their unsatisfactory state of health; 20.4 % - due to possible side reactions. 67.1 % of parents are interested in the composition of vaccines, 95.6 % know the symptoms and complications of the diseases for which vaccination is carried out, and 96.6 % - side effects after vaccination, although 74.5 % want to receive more information about possible complications. At the same time, there are slightly fewer supporters of vaccination among respondents with medical and pharmaceutical education than among respondents without such education, although this difference is not statistically significant. However, depending on the education, significant differences (more than 10 %) were observed among the respondents regarding interest in the composition of vaccines, adherence to vaccination against COVID-19 of their children older than 12 years and the opening of vaccination points in pharmacies.

Conclusions. It was found that to increase the level of awareness of medical and pharmaceutical professionals regarding vaccination, it is necessary to optimize educational professional programs and curricula for their training. It is shown that increasing the level of their knowledge will increase the commitment of parents with other education to children's vaccinations. The need to expand the professional role of pharmacists by involving them in vaccinations has been confirmed

Due to the Russian invasion, which started on 24 February 2022, the Ukrainian healthcare system is facing multiple challenges. A great number of healthcare facilities have been destroyed, while availability of other ones is often limited due to a lack of qualified medical staff. Certain services, e.g. cancer therapies, have been seriously disrupted. Moreover, millions of Ukrainians with chronic conditions are also suffering as due to war-related problems with execution of their long-term therapies. Availability of drugs is particularly limited in the occupied regions. According to the national statistics, as of 18 August 2022, about 505 pharmacies were damaged in Eastern Ukraine and 47 completely ruined. Moreover, the invaders have been blocking humanitarian aid provided to these territories by the Ukrainian government or other countries. Fortunately, in the areas controlled by the Government of Ukraine, the acute shortage of medicines, observed at the beginning of the war, has already been eliminated. Nevertheless, not all drugs are now fully available, even in the areas where no military attacks occur. The economic availability of drugs is also profoundly influenced by the significant increase in the cost of medications and the fall in average salaries. The Government of Ukraine is trying to minimise the impact of these war-related challenges by adopting a new legislation. This includes, among others, simplification of procedures for licensing, quality control and import of medicinal products to Ukraine. Other measures involve securing displaced people with the option of benefiting from local healthcare facilities, broadening the scope of the ePrescription system, authorizing primary care doctors to issue prescriptions to refugees, increasing the number of drugs reimbursed for long-term therapies, etc. These solutions, however, cannot balance all the harmful consequences the war in Ukraine brings in terms of maintenance of long-term therapies. Therefore, in order to minimise this negative impact, Ukraine still needs urgent international support in this area.

This review aims to analyze Mentha piperita L. as a potential raw material for the development of new health promoting products (nutraceuticals, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical products). A lot of scientific publications were retrieved from the Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar databases which enable the study and generalization of the extraction procedures, key biologically active compounds of essential oil and extracts, biological properties, and therapeutic potential of M. piperita, along with perspectives on the development of its dosage forms, including combinations of synthetic active substances and herbal preparations of M. piperita. The results of this review indicate that M. piperita is a source rich in phytoconstituents of different chemical nature and can be regarded as a source of active substances to enhance health and to develop medicinal products for complementary therapy of various conditions, especially those related with oxidant stress, inflammation, and moderate infections. Essential oil has a broad spectrum of activities. Depending on the test and concentration, this essential oil has both anti- and prooxidant properties. Gram-positive bacteria are more sensitive to the essential oil of M. piperita than Gram-negative ones. This review also considered some facets of the standardization of essential oil and extracts of M. piperita. Among the identified phenolics of extracts were caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, eriocitrin, luteolin derivates (luteolin-7-O-rutinoside, luteolin-7-O-glucoronide), and hesperidin. The concentration of these phenolics depends on the solvent used. This review also considered the relationships between the chemical component and biological activity. The results showed that the essential oil and extracts reduced inflammation in vitro by inhibiting the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), and in vivo by reducing the paw edema induced using carrageenan injection in rats. Therefore, herbal preparations of M. piperita are promising medicinal and cosmetic preparations for their usage in skincare and oral cavity care products with antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, and wound-healing properties. This plant can also be regarded as a platform for the development of antibacterial preparations and combined anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective medicinal products (synthetic active substances plus herbal preparations). This review could be considered for the justification of the composition of some medicinal products during their pharmaceutical development for writing a registration dossier in the format of Common Technical Document.