Respiratory pathology in the recent years remains an urgent problem in clinical pediatrics. The aim of the research was to improve primary prophylactic measures associated with the development and progression of recurrent bronchial obstruction syndrome in young children, who had suffered respiratory disorders in neonatal period. Algorithm of primary prophylactic measures implied adequate balanced nutrition, sanation of living conditions, restriction of contact with infectious agents, sanation of chronic foci of infection, systematic training and general fitness. 

The investigation included 160 young children (1 day – 3 years of age). The basic group (n=80) involved children, who had experienced respiratory disorders in neonatal period and received appropriate respiratory therapy (artificial ventilation and / or spontaneous breathing with continuous positive airway pressure and supply of free oxygen), control group – children, who did not have respiratory disorders and respiratory therapy (n=80). 

Conducted investigation throughout 12-month monitoring enabled to record the development of recurrent bronchial obstruction syndrome in 43 children (respectively, 30 – 37.50% patients of the basic group versus 13 – 16.25% of control group; p<0.05). However, the results, which would confirm the efficacy of suggested primary rehabilitation measures (р>0.05), could not be obtained. 

Conclusions: comparative analysis within groups did not show a reliable difference in the development of recurrent bronchial obstruction syndrome in children (р>0.05), which can be explained by partial following of doctor’s recommendations. There is the need in further study of the issue involving more patients for a longer period of monitoring. 

The incidence of miscarriage has been increased all over the world. In this situation more often children need artificial ventilation of the lungs (AVL) and form risk group for recurrent and chronic bronchopulmonary pathology development . Interconnection of prematurity – acute pulmonary disorders – the further formation of bronchopulmonary disease is no longer in doubt. It is observed a correlation between the administration of artificial ventilation in the neonatal period and the subsequent formation of bronchopulmonary pathology.  Our studies have shown that in the case of developing bronchial asthma in a child born prematurely and suffering from acute pulmonary disorders in the period of newborn birth, the risk of developing a severe variant of the disease is extremely high . The obtained data showed that asthma in such children is characterized by a severe course, often the so-called variant &quot;difficult asthma&quot; (with frequent exacerbations in the form of an asthmatic condition) is often observed [5, 10]. We have been followed up 27 children with bronchial asthma, whom after birth prolonged ventilation (more than 7 days) was performed due to pulmonary sickness.
The course of asthma in these children is characterized by frequent exacerbations and perscription of high doses of β2-agonists and hormonal drugs. This cohort of patients requires special care both on the part of parents and nursing staff.
      The reason should be sought, analyzing the features of the ante and perinatal period of the child&#39;s development [1, 4]. Frequent causes of miscarriage are inflammatory processes of diverse nature and etiology. In the process of inflammation, the number of cytokines, oxidants, and lytic
enzymes increases in the mother&#39;s body. In immature children, control over the inflammation process is inadequate [8, 12]. Low levels of antioxidants, antiprotease and anti-inflammatory cytokines can negatively affect the balance between inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, which in turn causes persistent inflammatory reaction and damage . Chronic inflammation causes hyperreactivity of the respiratory tract, which can not but affect the development and progress of bronchial asthma in the future . It is precisely this situation that determined the relevance and purpose of our study.
        Aim is to study the frequency and the features of the course of broncho-pulmonary pathology in young children who were on artificial ventilation of the lungs in the neonatal period.

Aim: To determine the prevalence and to estimate factors associated with food hypersensitivity in young children of the Lviv region in Ukraine.

Methods: A prospective cross-sectional survey study was conducted between 2016 and 2017 in the Lviv region of Ukraine. A specially designed questionnaire about food hypersensitivity of young children developed and validated by M. J. Flokstra-de Blok was used after translation into the Ukrainian language. The questionnaire included 34 questions, grouped into general and detailed information. Parents of children aged 0–3 years were asked to complete the questionnaire at pre-schools and medical institutions.

Results: Among 4,500 distributed questionnaires, 3,214 (71%) were completed and processed. Parents reported that 25% of their young children had food hypersensitivity. According to the survey the most common agents involved in food hypersensitivity in young children were cow's milk (34%), egg (28%), and wheat (24%). Hypersensitivity to milk occurred in 50% of children in the age group of 1–2 years. Regional differences associated with food hypersensitivity were also found. Namely, in the Carpathians, there was more hypersensitivity to fish (27%) and honey (22%) than in other regions, while hypersensitivity to soy was detected mostly in Lviv City residents (8.5%). Unknown causes of food hypersensitivity were highly reported (34%) in the Carpathians.

Conclusion: Prevalence and some distinctiveness of food hypersensitivity revealed in four geographic and climate zones as well as in Lviv City have a considerable practical use for formulation of recommendations for children with food hypersensitivity.

It is observed a correlation between the administration of artificial ventilation in the neonatal period and the subsequent formation of bronchopulmonary pathology.
Aim: To study the frequency and the features of the course of broncho-pulmonary pathology in young children who were on artificial ventilation of the lungs in the neonatal period.
Materials and methods: The directions of the selection of medical histories were conducted, which was carried out by artificial ventilation of the lungs for pulmonary causes. The article presents the literature data and own experience of authors, which proves that there is a correlation between the conducted artificial ventilation of the lungs in the neonatal period and the subsequent formation of bronchopulmonary pathology.
Results: The results of a retrospective analysis of 475 children who received respiratory therapy are shown. It is a positive correlation is observed between the duration of artificial ventilation and the incidence of bronchitis (p <0.005) and pneumonia (p <0.005). There is a close correlation between the early introduction of artificial feeding and the development of allergies. We found a positive correlation between the presence of allergic pathology and hereditary predisposition to the development of atopy, gestational age and the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
Conclusions: In 27% of children who stayed on artificial ventilation during the neonatal period, there was a recurrent broncho-obstructive syndrome in early childhood. Premature children who have undergone acute pulmonary disorder and hereditary hereditary burdens should be considered as a highrisk group for developing bronchial asthma. Repeated episodes of broncho-obstructive syndrome in young children, who during the neonatal period were on artificial ventilation of the lungs, were most often due to bronchial asthma, which was characterized by a severe course