УДК: 618.39:618.179(477+477.83)"2014-2021"

Aim. The research aims at rationalizing of the epidemiological component in the process of developing a model for preventing miscarriage among the female population of Ukraine.

Materials and Methods. A retrospective analysis of the indicators of miscarriage among the female population of Ukraine and Lviv region for the period from 2014 to 2021 was carried out. Statistical data of the Center for Medical Statistics of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine were used, namely Form No. 21 "Report on medical care for pregnant women, women in labor and women giving birth". The study uses the methods of a systemic approach and structural-logical analysis, medical-statistical analysis, namely the calculation of chain (relative to the previous year) indicators of a dynamic series: absolute growth, growth rate and increment rate.

Results and Discussion. A decrease in the female population of fertile age by 13.03% in Ukraine and by 5.81% in Lviv region was noted in the analyzed period of 2014-2021, while the number of spontaneous abortions in Ukraine decreased by an average of 3.45% per year, and grew in Lviv region in 2015, 2018, 2019 and 2020 by 5.72%, 6.87%, 19.29% and 6.59%, respectively. The rates of spontaneous abortions per 1,000 women of fertile age in Lviv region were twice as low as in Ukraine. Over the analyzed 8-year period, the share of premature children among all live births increased from 4.68% to 5.68% in Ukraine, and from 4.18% to 5.65% in Lviv region, respectively; these indicators in Lviv region were smaller compared to the indicators in Ukraine. The share of premature babies among stillbirths averaged 63.07% in Ukraine and 67.69% in Lviv region, had a growing trend, and the indicators in Lviv region were higher every year compared to the indicators in Ukraine. The ratio of the total rate of miscarriage to the total number of pregnancies (cases of miscarriage per 100 pregnancies) increased from 5.50 in 2014 to 6.22 in 2021 in Ukraine and from 3.57 to 4.72 in Lviv region respectively.

Conclusions. There was a trend of annual increase in the index of the ratio of the total miscarriage rate to the total number of pregnancies, the share of prematures from the total number of live births and the share of premature births from the number of stillbirths in the analyzed 8-year period, both in Ukraine and in Lviv region. The analyzed indicators of the share of premature newborns from the total number of live births in Lviv region were lower every year, and the share of newborns from the total number of stillbirths was higher compared to the average annual indicators in Ukraine. The dynamics of spontaneous abortions showed a clear trend towards an annual decrease in Ukraine and their increase in 2015, 2018-2020 in Lviv region. The rate of spontaneous abortions among women of fertile age in Lviv region from 2014 to 2021 was annually half as low compared to the average annual levels of this indicator in Ukraine.

УДК: 614.2:616-073.7:303.4

The aim of this work was to assess the current state of the X-ray diagnostic service in the Lviv region, namely, to identify existing problems and elaboration of ways to solve them.

Material and Methods. A retrospective analysis of the current state of the X-ray diagnostic service in the Lviv region was carried out in comparison with the data throughout Ukraine for 2015-2020 years. The information was received according to the data of the State Statistics Service of Ukraine.

Results and Discussion. Analysis of changes in the total number of X-ray diagnostic apparatuses in the Lviv region for 2015-2020 years showed a slight downward trend in their number. Thus, as of the end of 2020 year, the total number of such apparatuses on the balance of regional health care institutions was equal to 452 units, which is 7,38% less than in 2015year. In the Lviv region and in Ukraine as a whole, there was a decrease in the number of devices of X-ray image amplifiers (X-ray IA) ((by -10,96% and -5,28%) and fluorographs (by -23,08% and - 17,49% respectively). At the same time, there was a significant increase of angiographic apparatuses (by +66,67% and +81,54%), CT scanners (by+40,00% and +26,32%), and mammography machines (by +33,33% and +12,46% respectively). The number of carried-out diagnostic fluorograms for 1 operating apparatus in the Lviv region during the studied period was decreasing, and the same trend persisted in 2020 year as well: Тgrowth2018/2015=-5,07%, Тgrowth2020/2019=-7,64%, just like the quantity of diagnostic fluorograms for one position of a radiologist: Тgrowth2018/2015=-11,76%, Тgrowth2020/2019=-20,78%. While the number of CT per one operating device and on one position of a radiologist in the Lviv region for the last 5 years significantly increased and in 2020 year was equal to 10605 studies /1 device and 220 studies/1 physician, but only in the last year, the growth was by +29,16% and +41,03%, although the number of operating tomographs remained unchanged for the last 5 years (n=5). Such a significant positive trend is explained by intensive work of the X-ray diagnostic service during the Cоvid-19 pandemic.

Conclusions. The decreased frequency of the fluorographic and radiological studies and the increase of the number of diagnostic CT scanners in the Lviv region have been determined. A number of problems in the work of the X-ray diagnostic service have been identified, the most important of which are the significant overload of radiologists, particularly, during the Cоvid-19 pandemic and lack of modern equipment. Modern healthcare is competitive and therefore, in the conditions of today's needs, the development of the most modern visualization technologies is very important, the key of which are computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in the field of radiation diagnostics.

It is observed a correlation between the administration of artificial ventilation in the neonatal period and the subsequent formation of bronchopulmonary pathology.
Aim: To study the frequency and the features of the course of broncho-pulmonary pathology in young children who were on artificial ventilation of the lungs in the neonatal period.
Materials and methods: The directions of the selection of medical histories were conducted, which was carried out by artificial ventilation of the lungs for pulmonary causes. The article presents the literature data and own experience of authors, which proves that there is a correlation between the conducted artificial ventilation of the lungs in the neonatal period and the subsequent formation of bronchopulmonary pathology.
Results: The results of a retrospective analysis of 475 children who received respiratory therapy are shown. It is a positive correlation is observed between the duration of artificial ventilation and the incidence of bronchitis (p <0.005) and pneumonia (p <0.005). There is a close correlation between the early introduction of artificial feeding and the development of allergies. We found a positive correlation between the presence of allergic pathology and hereditary predisposition to the development of atopy, gestational age and the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
Conclusions: In 27% of children who stayed on artificial ventilation during the neonatal period, there was a recurrent broncho-obstructive syndrome in early childhood. Premature children who have undergone acute pulmonary disorder and hereditary hereditary burdens should be considered as a highrisk group for developing bronchial asthma. Repeated episodes of broncho-obstructive syndrome in young children, who during the neonatal period were on artificial ventilation of the lungs, were most often due to bronchial asthma, which was characterized by a severe course 

Abstract
In in our research, we studied the influence of systematic physical education and sports on the mental component of the personality structure of female students. The aim of the study was to study the influence of physical activity of sports specialization on the formation of the mental component of the personality. To study the dynamics of the indicators of the mental component of the personality structure, the method of longitudinal observation (for two years) was applied for a group of female students aged 18-24 years using a modified form multifactor personality
test based on an adapted questionnaire, which included the study of 11 "leading" qualities: strength "I”, purposefulness, initiative, optimism, leadership, fear, kindness, sociability, ability to make efforts, selfishness, aggressiveness. The survey was carried out at the beginning of the 1st and at the end of the 2nd training. Students of the Faculty of Medicine were divided into two groups: control (CG) and experimental (EG). Classes with students from the CG (n = 12) were carried out according to the curriculum of universities of Ukraine, and with students from four EG (n = 12-13 students in each) according to the author's program developed by us, which took into account the sequential system of physical activity (FA) with the use of physical loads (FL) of sports specialization: rhythmic gymnastics (RG), recreational running (RR - 2000 m), basketball and athletic gymnastics (AG). Physical fitness assessment (PF) of female students was carried out with the help of tests: running 100 m; swimming 50 m; torso tilts; standing long jump; running long jump; running 2000 m. Estimation of the average value (in points) of the mental qualities of the personality of female students showed that among female students from the experimental group, the highest values are possessed by such qualities as: strength of "I" – 7.00 ± 0.76; kindness – 7.09 ± 0.62; purposefulness – 7.33 ± 0.64; initiative – 6.19 ± 0.97, and in the control group the most pronounced quality is
kindness (6.70 ± 0.73). The analysis of indicators of manifestation of mental qualities, activity and purposefulness testify in favor of the experimental group students.
Key words: aggressiveness-peacefulness, initiative, help of physical activity, kindness, power of "I", purposefulness.