Aim: To investigate the quality of life of women who left Ukraine and those who did not leave their homes under the threat of war.
Materials and Methods: We used the WHOQOL-100 questionnaire for quality assessment. 376 young women (aged 25-44) were interviewed using a Google
questionnaire (WHOQOL BREF). The respondents were divided into 2 groups: group 1 – women who left the territory of Ukraine during the war (n-176); group
2 - women who did not leave their homes (n-200).
Results: The general level of quality of life for group 1 (62.9% ± 9.3) was slightly lower than group 2 (66.7% ± 9.1). In terms of quality of life, group 2 prevails
over group 1 in the domain of microsocial support.
Conclusions: Therefore, women who did not leave their homes during the full-scale invasion of Russia on the territory of Ukraine rate their quality of life
higher than women who left the territory of Ukraine. Respondents of group 2 are more satisfied with their social support, sexual life, support from friends,
enjoy life more than respondents of group 1.

Abstract. Purpose Despite the potential value of point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) in resource-limited environments, it is not widely used in low- and middleincome countries compared with high-income countries. We sought to evaluate the current POCUS practice of Ukrainian anesthesiologists who attended POCUS courses to guide future POCUS training in Ukraine. Methods We conducted a 25-question web-based survey. It was distributed to 255 participants of POCUS courses held in Ukraine in 2023. The survey sections described current POCUS practice, perception of POCUS value, POCUS skills self-assessment, and perceived barriers to implementing POCUS in clinical practice. Results Two hundred and forty-four out of 255 course participants completed the survey, representing 214 unique respondents. Those who self-rated their skills identified themselves as either novices or beginners in areas of POCUS knowledge (118/157, 75%), image acquisition (110/158, 70%), image interpretation (117/158, 74%), and integration into clinical decision-making (105/155, 68%). Among all survey responders, 55% (118/214) reported using POCUS for vascular access procedures, 45% (97/214) for trauma assessment, and 44% (93/214)for regional anesthesia. Reported barriers to POCUS implementation included lack of ultrasound devices (101/214, 47%) and lack of trained faculty (112/214, 52%). Conclusion Among anesthesiologists who participated in POCUS courses in Ukraine, the majority were in early 
stages of ultrasound practice. Respondents identified POCUS applications not currently practiced and evaluated barriers to POCUS use. Based upon these
survey findings, we propose the following measures in  Ukraine: 1) developing a standardized national POCUS curriculum; 2) increasing the number of experienced instructors of POCUS; and 3) acquiring ultrasound  devices to support clinical applications of POCUS, especially in the Central, Southern, and Eastern regions.

Introduction. One of the most prognostic complications of diabetes is diabetic retinopathy (DR), which leads to blindness and disability in the working population. There are currently data on the role of dyslipidemia in the pathogenesis of DR. However, the pathogenetic mechanisms that may explain the relationship between the main indicators of lipid metabolism and the development of DR remain to be fully understood.

The purpose of the study: To investigate the features of lipid metabolism in patients with diabetic retinopathy.

Materials and methods. A clinical and laboratory examination of 130 patients with DR (70 patients who are insulin-dependent in group 1 and 60 non-insulin-dependent patients - in group 2). The average age of patients ranged from 20 to 55 years. The obtained laboratory parameters were compared with the control group, which included 30 healthy individuals. All patients underwent fasting venous blood collection in BD Vacutainer double coagulation activator tubes and K2-EDTA anticoagulant tubes. In all subjects, serum lipid metabolism was determined - total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and atherogenicity index. Parametric data are presented as M ± m, because the distribution of data in the groups was normal, pairwise a posteriori comparison of groups was performed using the Newman-Keuls test using the software package STATISTICA 6.0 (StatSoft, USA).

Results. It is established that in patients with DR there is an imbalance in lipid metabolism. Patients in group 1 had significantly higher levels of triglycerides (3.23 ± 0.2 mmol / l), total cholesterol (6.47 ± 0.43 mmol / l), LDL (3.16 ± 0.15 mmol / l) and atherogenic index (3.13 ± 0.1 um.od) compared with the control group. The same vector of changes in the second group of examined patients, but the content of triglycerides (1.61 ± 0.1 mmol / l) is at the level of the control group. In both groups, the HDL content did not differ from the control value and was 1.61 ± 0.1 mmol / l and 1.46 ± 0.08 mmol / l, respectively.

The mathematical model of the infectious disease modified to take into account the impect of diffuse perturbations on the infectious disease dynamics under conditions of a temperature reaction of the body. The solution of a singularly perturbed model problem with a delay is reduced to a sequence of solutions of problems without delay, for which the sought functions are obtained in the asymptotic expansions form as perturbations of solutions of the corresponding degenerate problems. Using computer simulations, we present results that show influences of diffusion “redistributions” on infection disease dynamics in the conditions of temperature reaction of organism. They illustrate that decrease of model antigen concentrations in the infection locus to a non-critical level caused by diffusion "redistribution" for a relatively short period may contribute to their further neutralization by presence antibodies in the organism or require injection with a lower concentration of donor antibodies.

УДК 617.731-007.23-02-036.1-07-08(048.8) 

Хронічна рецидивуюча запальна оптична нейропатія: діагностичні стратегії та лікування (огляд літератури). Негрич Т.І., Копчак М.Б., Кирилюк С.Я. У статті представлено огляд та аналіз наукових праць щодо проблематики хронічної рецидивуючої запальної оптичної нейропатії, критеріїв її діагностики та методів лікування. Хронічна рецидивуюча запальна оптична нейропатія, уперше описана в 2003 році, – це автоімунне запальне захворювання зорового нерва невідомої етіології, що супроводжується частими больовими епізодами оптичного невриту, з чіткою реакцією на стероїдну терапію та рецидивами після її відміни. Проведено аналіз закордонних праць, опублікованих у базах даних E-Library, CrossRef, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus з метою систематизації даних щодо етіології, патогенезу, клінічних проявів, діагностичних критеріїв, диференційної
діагностики та лікування цього патологічного стану. Установлено, що хронічна рецидивуюча запальна оптична нейропатія є рідкісною, рецидивуючою, кортикостероїдно-залежною зоровою нейропатією, при якій відсутній інший неврологічний дефіцит, не виявляється етіологічний чинник та є діагнозом виключення. Важливість виявлення таких пацієнтів зумовлена тим, що призначення відповідної імуносупресивної терапії спричинює ремісію захворювання.

Ключові слова: хронічна рецидивуюча запальна оптична нейропатія, рецидивуюча ідіопатична оптична
нейропатія, діагностика, лікування, огляд

Abstract. Сhronic relapsing inflammatory optic neuropathy: diagnostic strategies and treatment (literature review). Nehrych T.I., Kopchak M.B., Kyryliuk S.Ya. The article presents a review and analysis of scientific works on the problem of chronic relapsing inflammatory optic neuropathy, its diagnostic criteria and treatment methods. Chronic relapsing inflammatory optic neuropathy, first described in 2003, is an autoimmune inflammatory disease of the
optic nerve of unknown etiology, accompanied by frequent painful episodes of optic neuritis, with a clear response to steroid therapy and relapses after its withdrawal. An analysis of foreign works published in the E-Library, CrossRef, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus databases was carried out in order to systematize data on the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostic criteria, differential diagnosis and treatment of this pathological condition. It has been established that chronic recurrent inflammatory optic neuropathy is a rare, recurrent, corticosteroid-dependent optic
neuropathy in which there is no other neurological deficit, no etiological factor is identified and it is a diagnosis of exclusion. It is important to identify such patients because the appointment of appropriate immunosuppressive therapy causes remission of the disease. 

Key words: chronic relapsing inflammatory optic neuropathy, relapsing idiopathic optic neuropathy, diagnosis,
treatment, review