УДК:616.12-008.6-036.12-052-082

In tumor cells with defects in apoptosis, autophagy allows prolonged survival. Autophagy leads to an accumulation of damaged mitochondria by autophagosomes. An acidic environment is maintained in compartments of cells, such as autophagosomes, late endosomes, and lysosomes; these organelles belong to the “acid store” of the cells. Nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) may affect the release of Ca²⁺ from these organelles and affect the activity of Ca²⁺ ATPases and other ion transport proteins. Recently, a growing amount of evidence has shown that the variations in the expression of calcium channels or pumps are associated with the occurrence, disease-presentation, and the prognosis of colorectal cancer. We hypothesized that activity of ATPases in cancer tissue is higher because of intensive energy metabolism of tumor cells. The aim of our study was to ascertain the effect of NAADP on ATPase activity on tissue samples of colorectal cancer patients’ and healthy individuals. We tested the effect of NAADP on the activity of Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase; Ca²⁺ ATPase of endoplasmic reticulum (EPR) and plasma membrane (PM) and basal ATPase activity. Patients’ colon mucus cancer samples were obtained during endoscopy from cancer and healthy areas (control) of colorectal mucosa of the same patients. Results. The mean activity of Na⁺/K⁺ pump in samples of colorectal cancer patients (n = 5) was 4.66 ± 1.20 μmol P_i/mg of protein per hour, while in control samples from healthy tissues of the same patient (n = 5) this value was 3.88 ± 2.03 μmol P_i/mg of protein per hour. The activity of Ca²⁺ ATPase PM in control samples was 6.42 ± 0.63 μmol P_i/mg of protein per hour and in cancer −8.50 ± 1.40 μmol Pi/mg of protein per hour (n = 5 pts). The mean activity of Ca²⁺ ATPase of EPR in control samples was 7.59 ± 1.21 μmol P_i/mg versus 7.76 ± 0.24 μmol Pi/mg in cancer (n = 5 pts). Basal ATPase activity was 3.19 ± 0.87 in control samples versus 4.79 ± 1.86 μmol Pi/mg in cancer (n = 5 pts). In cancer samples, NAADP reduced the activity of Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase by 9-times (p < 0.01) and the activity of Ca²⁺ ATPase EPR about 2-times (p < 0.05). NAADP caused a tendency to decrease the activity of Ca²⁺ ATPase of PM, but increased basal ATPase activity by 2-fold vs. the mean of this index in cancer samples without the addition of NAADP. In control samples NAADP caused only a tendency to decrease the activities of Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase and Ca²⁺ ATPase EPR, but statistically decreased the activity of Ca²⁺ ATPase of PM (p < 0.05). In addition, NAADP caused a strong increase in basal ATPase activity in control samples (p < 0.01). Conclusions: We found that the activity of Na⁺/K⁺ pump, Ca²⁺ ATPase of PM and basal ATPase activity in cancer tissues had a strong tendency to be higher than in the controls. NAADP caused a decrease in the activities of Na⁺/K⁺ ATPase and Ca²⁺ ATPase EPR in cancer samples and increased basal ATPase activity. In control samples, NAADP decreased Ca²⁺ ATPase of PM and increased basal ATPase activity. These data confirmed different roles of NAADP-sensitive “acidic store” (autophagosomes, late endosomes, and lysosomes) in control and cancer tissue, which hypothetically may be connected with autophagy role in cancer development. The effect of NAADP on decreasing the activity of Na⁺/K⁺ pump in cancer samples was the most pronounced, both numerically and statistically. Our data shows promising possibilities for the modulation of ion-transport through the membrane of cancer cells by influence on the “acidic store” (autophagosomes, late endosomes and lysosomes) as a new approach to the treatment of colorectal cancer.

OBJECTIVE Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the leading causes of death in the world. Early myocardial reperfusion improves acute MI survival. Bioflavonoid quercetin is known to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative properties. The presented pilot study aims to investigate the cardioprotective effect of quercetin on infarct size limiting in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

METHODS Patients (n ¼ 143) with first anterior STEMI within 6 hours from symptoms onset were included in this openlabel multicenter pilot study. Patients were randomized either into quercetin group (n ¼ 70) in addition to standard treatment or recommended therapy alone group (control group, n ¼ 73). Quercetin infusions were initiated before reperfusion and repeated during the next 5 days. The infarct size assessed using creatine kinase-myocardial band area under curve (CK-MB AUC) was the primary study outcome.

RESULTS The study arms did not differ in demographics, time to admission, and main clinical data. The median early CKMB AUC was significantly lower in quercetin group than in controls (8036 7594 vs 11219 8146 U  1 h/L, p ¼ 0.015). Intravenous quercetin administration was associated with less reperfusion-induced intramyocardial hemorrhage by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance on Day 3 (11.1% of patients in quercetin group vs 53.3% of patients in control group, p < 0.024). There were no significant differences in left ventricle ejection fraction and LV remodeling indicators.

CONCLUSION Our pilot study is the first to demonstrate novel insight into ischemia/reperfusion damage in STEMI patients. The addition of quercetin to standard STEMI therapy limits infarct size and prevents intramyocardial hemorrhage after the first anterior STEMI. Further research will be necessary to both validate and expand upon these findings. (Hellenic Journal of Cardiology 2024;76:68–74) © 2023 Hellenic Society of Cardiology. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

Вступ.
Актуальність багатогранного дослідження МС та ІХС і ЦД 2 типу не викликає жодних сумнівів. Серед пацієнтів з ЦД 2 типу близько 90% мають ожиріння, що пов’язане з наявністю споріднених проявів гормонального статусу та метаболічних змін[1,2]. Незважаючи на незначне зниження поширеності, у країнах Європи налічується близько 34,9 млн осіб з ІХС)[3]. В той же час, поширеність ЦД становить близько 60 млн осіб в країнах Європи та 422 млн – у світі і стрімко зростає[4]. Разом з тим, на даному етапі ще недостатньо досліджено визначення індивідуального ризику виникнення ускладнень ІХС у пацієнтів з МС, існує потреба у персоніфікованому підході до пацієнта з МС.
Мета.
Провести регресійний аналіз чинників ризику виникнення ІХС у пацієнтів з МС.

On May 11–12, 2023, the I International Scientific Practical Conference “Doctors and Nursing – Medical Front in Ukraine and the World” took place in Lutsk, Ukraine. The conference was dedicated to the 150th anniversary of the Shevchenko Scientific Society (SSS).The conference was organized by the Municipal Institution of Higher Education Volyn Medical Institute of Volyn Region Council, in collaboration with Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, I.Y. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Vilnius University (Lithuania), Higher Private Educational Institution Lviv Medical University, the Shevchenko Scientific Society, and Health Tech Without Borders (Switzerland, USA). The conference was held with the support of the State Institution “Center for Nursing Development of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine”. Partners in conference organization also included Volyn Orthodox Theological Academy, Maastricht University (the Netherlands), Volyn Region Emergency Medical Center and Disaster Medicine Municipal Enterprise, German-Ukrainian Association of Nurses, NeanderklinikHarzwald (Germany), “Myloserdia” Association of Volyn Nurses PO and Lviv Association of Allergists, Immunologists, and Rehabilitologists Charitable Organization.During the course of the event, a total of over 100 speeches were delivered by medical scientists and practicing physicians, as well as researchers in diverse disciplines from Ukraine, the United States, Great Britain, Poland, Lithuania, Germany, the Netherlands, and Switzerland. Workshops were conducted on relevant issues in medical practice in times of war.A total of approximately 1100 individuals participated in the conference, comprising physicians from diverse disciplines and nurses, emergency medical professionals and disaster medicine specialists, scientific and pedagogical personnel, employees of the State Emergency Service, physical rehabilitation specialists, psychologists, representatives of the clergy and public organizations, and young scientists.A new interdisciplinary format of scientific dialogue has been started between representatives of medical and nursing specialities, the education sector, psychologists, and clergy. It helps find ways to address relevant issues in the medical sector in complex conditions of the present day.

Key points and main world trends are presented, including in the medical field, and personal experience and the trip’s mission are described.