Keywords: COVID-19; ascorbic acid; copper; fat-soluble vitamins; iron; magnesium; micronutrients; selenium; vitamin B complex; zinc..

In the current economic conditions, an active search is conducted for cost-effective and well-balanced feeds and feed mixtures for fish farming. The development of functional feeds using biomass of wild algae is becoming a central focus in the fish feed production. Although these supplements offer a promising path to sustainable and environmentally friendly fish feeding, their impact on the ecosystem requires detailed research. The aim of the study was to determine the acute response of Daphnia magna to the influence of new feed products derived from the  wild algae of the Baltic Sea, phycocyanin on its own, and their binary mixture. The study was conducted using the standard aquatic toxicology method. To establish the  48-hour LC50, the  probit analysis method was used. The results showed that D. magna is more sensitive to the effects of phycocyanin, with the following order of toxicity: phycocyanin > the mixture (1:1) > the biomass of Cladophora sp. The median lethal concentrations at 48 h were 100 mg/l, 920 mg/l, and 1720 mg/l, respectively. The obtained data allows to refer the tested compounds to low-hazard substances according to the Globally Harmonized System (GHS). The observed effects were compared with the effects of the mixture noticed in the toxic units (TU) model. In 48 hours, the mixture of the dry biomass of
Cladophora sp. and phycocyanin at a ratio of 1:1 exhibited synergism. The obtained results will allow choosing the optimal ratio of the raw materials used in fish feeds without inflicting harm to the aquatic ecosystem and loss of their nutritional value.

Background: Premature birth and care of premature babies is a pressing problem of the modern world.

Objectives: To determine the dynamics of physical and psychomotor development, the state of the musculoskeletal

system (MS) of premature infants in the first year of life under the influence of physical therapy (PT).

Research sample and method: The study involved 60 infants, which were divided into 4 groups according to the degree of prematurity. The assessment of children's physical deve lopment was carried out on anthropometric indicators. The degree of damage of the nervous system was examined by neurosonography. Children undergo the PT programme based on INFANIB test scores in 0, 3, 7, and 12 months of adjusted gestational age.

Results: When using the PT programme, it was found that during the first three months of life, children with I – III degree of prematurity almost doubled their body weight, in the group with IV – it was increased by 76.9 %. The analysis of the results of neurosonography revealed positive dynamics in all the groups. Congenital crooked neck was observed in 30 % of children with stage III prematurity, which was the highest among the identified pathologies of MS. At the end of the PT programme, these diagnoses were withdrawn.

Conclusions: Indicators of anthropometric changes, analysis of the dynamics of neurosonography and the prevalence of pathology of the MS revealed positive changes in all groups of children on each stage of the study, which should be considered according to the result of timely and rational use of PT.

Abstract

The paper presents the results of studies of the radiophotoluminescence (RPL) of LiB3O5:Ag glass after irradiation with γ-rays in the dose range of 1-3 Gray on the remote γ-therapeutic apparatus "TERAGAM" Co(60) at the Lviv Oncology Regional Medical and Diagnostic Center. A clear dependence of the intensity of the RPL (λmax= 300 nm) on the dose value when excited by light λexc = 220 nm was found. The mechanism of RPL in γ-irradiated LiB3O5:Ag glass is proposed as a consequence of radiation annihilation with the emission of relaxed exciton-like electronic excitationswith the participation of impurity defects (Ag0 ) in the glass structure.

Background and objectives. Peritoneal relapse (PR) is the most common pattern of gastric cancer (GC) recurrence after radical treatment. Currently, a variety of adjuvant intraperitoneal chemotherapy methods are being tested for their efficacy in reducing the level of PR. 

Methods. The radical treatment results of 226 patients with localized and locally-advanced GC have been analyzed. To select a group of patients with indications for adjuvant intraperitoneal therapy, a study of independent predictive factors and the development of a predictive PR nomogram for gastric cancer was completed.

Results. As a result of the analysis of about three dozen potential factors in mono- and multivariate analysis, the impact on PR risk was confi rmed by 4 independent predictive factors, namely: serosal invasion and its size (HR 9.36, p <0.001), morphological type according to Lauren (HR 5.3, p <0.001), index of regional lymph node involvement (HR 2.23, p = 0.015) and localization of the tumor in the stomach (HR 3.98, p <0,001).

Conclusions. A predictive PR risk nomogram of gastric cancer after radical surgical treatment has been developed based on the identifi ed independent factors, and it is of great clinical importance as a tool for segregating patients who require adjuvant intraperitoneal chemotherapy.