Introduction. Functional capacity is important parameter of activity of a person. It can be assessed with different methods, including interviewing, walk tests, cardiopulmonary exercise testing. According to the recommendations of the European Society of Cardiology, the assessment of functional capacity is an important step in the perioperative management of a patient with concomitant cardiovascular pathology during non-cardiac surgery. Purpose of our study was to implement assessing of functional capacity in clinical practice, including perioperative management of patients. And also, to compare the practical value of self-reported methods of assessing functional capacity and exercise testing. Materials and methods. 15 healthy men aged 33±5.4 years and 172 patients with documented pathology of the cardiovascular system aged 65±2.8 years were included in the study, among them 51% were male. We compared the value of different methods and the expediency of assessing the functional capacity of a patient with concomitant pathology of the cardiovascular system before planned non-cardiac surgery. Results. All healthy individuals gave a positive answer to the question about ability to climb two flights of stairs. The average Duke Activity Status Index score was 52.47±5.96, which corresponded to the calculated value of METs 9.19±0.73. During cardiopulmonary exercise testing, the average value of VO2max in these individuals was 47.56±11.34 mL/(kg·min). A direct strong correlation between Duke Activity Status Index values and VO2max was established (r=0.91, р˂0.01). 36 patients (21%) reported inability to climb two flights of stairs added. The average DASI in these persons was 12.84±4.38 and the level of NTproBNP was 1116±75. On the contrary in the rest of the patients the DASI was 28.18±7.72 and NTproBNP 302±42 with statistically significant difference (p˂0.01). The dynamics of troponins in the examined subjects did not show any increase in the postoperative period. The values of the EF in patients reported inability to climb two flights were lower by 9.78% compared with others (56.57±12.34% and 62.71±6.35%, p˂0.01). The average number of days spent in the hospital was 22 in patients with inability to climb two flights and 12 in the rest. 32 patients (19%) died, 28 deceased belonged to the group with inability to climb two flights of stairs. The average time of death was 29.86 days. Correlation analysis revealed a direct relationship of average strength between the Duke Activity Status Index and EF (0.42, p 0.007), an inverse relationship of average strength between the Duke Activity Status Index and NTproBNP (-0.42, p=0.01) and the number of days spent in a hospital (-0.39, p=0.005). In conclusion we found that healthy men with an active lifestyle have higher average VO2max parameters and confirmed that the VO2max obtained during the cardiopulmonary exercise testing was comparable to questionnaire methods for assessing functional capacity. One fifth of patients with confirmed cardiovascular pathology self-reported inability to climb two flights of stairs. These individuals had a lower EF, a higher concentration of NTproBNP, a longer stay in the hospital, and significantly higher mortality. the Duke Activity Status Index correlates with left ventricular systolic function and NTproBNP level.

BACKGROUND: Since its start, the war in Ukraine has taken a devastating toll on the country's children. As of now, 508 children have been killed and 1,135 injured. Besides, 13 children suffered from sexual violence, and 19,546 went missing, were deported and/or forcibly relocated, with 386 eventually returning to Ukraine. The repercussions of these harrowing experiences have had profound effects on the overall well-being and mental health of children, along with their access to medical care and education. Simultaneously, Ukraine has witnessed rapid changes in its rehabilitation system due to the ongoing war. 

Aim: To investigate the quality of life of women who left Ukraine and those who did not leave their homes under the threat of war.
Materials and Methods: We used the WHOQOL-100 questionnaire for quality assessment. 376 young women (aged 25-44) were interviewed using a Google
questionnaire (WHOQOL BREF). The respondents were divided into 2 groups: group 1 – women who left the territory of Ukraine during the war (n-176); group
2 - women who did not leave their homes (n-200).
Results: The general level of quality of life for group 1 (62.9% ± 9.3) was slightly lower than group 2 (66.7% ± 9.1). In terms of quality of life, group 2 prevails
over group 1 in the domain of microsocial support.
Conclusions: Therefore, women who did not leave their homes during the full-scale invasion of Russia on the territory of Ukraine rate their quality of life
higher than women who left the territory of Ukraine. Respondents of group 2 are more satisfied with their social support, sexual life, support from friends,
enjoy life more than respondents of group 1.

Актуальність. Важливу роль в сучасній діагностиці та лікуванні увеїтів відіграють дослідження молекулярних механізмів імунних порушень, що призводять до розвитку запального процесу в оці.

Мета. Вивчити рівень експресії маркера апоптозу CD 95 – запрограмованій клітинній загибелі – у здорових осіб і у хворих з середнім увеїтом.

Матеріал і методи. Вивчення рівня експресії маркера апоптозу лімфоцитів СD 95 здійснювалося імуногістохімічним методом у 15 хворих з середнім увеїтом (вік 34±11 років) та у 26 практично здорових осіб контрольної групи (вік 36±10 років).

Результати. В результаті проведеного дослідження відмічався високий рівень експресії молекулярного маркера апоптозу СD 95 на лімфоцитах у хворих з середнім увеїтом. Цей показник перевищив нормативні значення і становив в відсотковому співвідношенні − 28,5±4,9 та в абсолютному значенні - 534,2±59,5 кл/мкл (n=15). В той же час, у здорових осіб ці показники склали відповідно 18,9±3,1 у відсотковому значенні та 254,5±42,1 кл/мкл (n=26) в абсолютному, що відповідало р<0,05 за критерієм Манна-Уітні.

Висновки. Вивчення експресії мембранних молекул лімфоцитів, що беруть участь в регуляції імунної відповіді, допоможе зрозуміти механізми прогресу імуноопосередкованого запального процесу. Подальше вивчення і розуміння механізмів реалізації і регуляції запрограмованої клітинної загибелі (апоптозу) надзвичайно актуально для лікування увеїту.

Abstract. Purpose Despite the potential value of point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) in resource-limited environments, it is not widely used in low- and middleincome countries compared with high-income countries. We sought to evaluate the current POCUS practice of Ukrainian anesthesiologists who attended POCUS courses to guide future POCUS training in Ukraine. Methods We conducted a 25-question web-based survey. It was distributed to 255 participants of POCUS courses held in Ukraine in 2023. The survey sections described current POCUS practice, perception of POCUS value, POCUS skills self-assessment, and perceived barriers to implementing POCUS in clinical practice. Results Two hundred and forty-four out of 255 course participants completed the survey, representing 214 unique respondents. Those who self-rated their skills identified themselves as either novices or beginners in areas of POCUS knowledge (118/157, 75%), image acquisition (110/158, 70%), image interpretation (117/158, 74%), and integration into clinical decision-making (105/155, 68%). Among all survey responders, 55% (118/214) reported using POCUS for vascular access procedures, 45% (97/214) for trauma assessment, and 44% (93/214)for regional anesthesia. Reported barriers to POCUS implementation included lack of ultrasound devices (101/214, 47%) and lack of trained faculty (112/214, 52%). Conclusion Among anesthesiologists who participated in POCUS courses in Ukraine, the majority were in early 
stages of ultrasound practice. Respondents identified POCUS applications not currently practiced and evaluated barriers to POCUS use. Based upon these
survey findings, we propose the following measures in  Ukraine: 1) developing a standardized national POCUS curriculum; 2) increasing the number of experienced instructors of POCUS; and 3) acquiring ultrasound  devices to support clinical applications of POCUS, especially in the Central, Southern, and Eastern regions.