ABSTRACT
The aim: Of the study is to analyze the literary data regarding evaluation of the pathogenetic mechanisms of the interaction of systemic diseases and periodontal tissue damage, conducted on the basis of scientific researches of Ukrainian and foreign scientists.
Materials and methods: Bibliosematic and analytical methods were used in the research. The materials of the exploration are international experience in the study of pathogenetic mechanisms of the interplay of pathology in the cardiovascular, respiratory systems, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and chronic generalized damage of periodontal tissues.
Conclusions: It is important to search for new modern methods of diagnosis and individual approach to primary and secondary prevention of changes in periodontal tissues on the background of general pathology. The only way to solve this problem is a detailed study of somatic and dental history, changes in all body systems, on the basis of which it is possible to create a reasonable set of individual preventive measures and improve the treatment of periodontal disorders.
KEY WORDS: periodontal diseases, systemic diseases, pathogenesis, cardiovascular pathology, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases
Проблема лікування та профілактики запальних і дистрофічно-запальних захворювань пародонта є надзвичайно актуальною в сучасній стоматології. Незважаючи на велику кількість публікацій присвячених питанням лікування, результати практичної пародонтології залишаються малоефективними, що пов'язано не тільки з великою кількістю причин виникнення генералізованого пародонтиту, але й з реакцією організму та мотивацією пацієнта. Найбільш актуальним є пошук і розробка методів патогенетичної терапії, яка направлено
впливає на різні ланки патогенезу, зокрема на мікрофлору пародонтальних кишень, ліквідацію мікроциркуляторних порушень в тканинах пародонта і пов'язаного з цим набряку, нормалізацію тканинного обміну, окисно-відновних процесів і здатності тканин пародонта до регенерації.
УДК 616.311.2-002+616.314.17-008.6)]-06:616.1/.4
The role of periodontal pathology and oral cavity condition in the occurrence of general somatic diseases
Z. M. Honta, I. V. Shylivskyy, O. M. Nemesh, Kh. B. Burda
Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
The aim of the study is a review of modern home and foreign literature on the influence of the state of the oral cavity and the pathology of periodontal tissues, and in particular generalized periodontitis, on the occurrence and severity of the course of diseases of internal organs and body systems.
Inflammatory-dystrophic periodontal diseases lead to an increase in the level of chronic inflammatory agents due to the systemic spread of inflammatory mediators released during local tissue destruction, as well as the systemic spread of pathogenic microorganisms, which contributes to the development of cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis, pathological processes in the gastrointestinal tract, complicates the course of diabetes mellitus and respiratory diseases in patients with periodontal diseases. That is why the study of pathogenetic interrelations of periodontal diseases and comorbid conditions is an urgent problem of modern dentistry.
Conclusions. Considering that certain extraoral pathologies arise as a result of damage by disseminated periodontopathogens may provide new therapeutic opportunities to reduce the risk of developing comorbid conditions etiopathogenetically associated with generalized periodontitis. The data of clinical and experimental studies that are presented in this literature review definitely show the need for timely treatment of periodontal diseases, which provides not only the health of the oral cavity, but also prevents the occurrence of general somatic diseases.
Key words: periodontal disease, generalized periodontitis, cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis, diabetes, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.