The molecular and stromal mechanisms associated with the pathogenesis of prostate hyperplasia as a metabolic disorder are not yet fully understood, but it is believed that the etiology of hyperplasia is influenced by a number of factors, including aging, hormonal changes, metabolic syndrome, dietary factors, inflammation, oxidative stress, and, more recently, suppression of apo p tosis in prostate tissue. A number of studies emphasize the disruption of pro/antioxidant status in the development of prostate hyperplasia. The aim of the research is to study the activity and kinetic characteristics of glutathione-S-transferase (GsT) in pro s tate biopsies from patients with benign hyperplasia and hyperplasia with chronic prostatitis. The prostate tissue (biopsies) from two groups of patients were used. Group 1 consisted of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (n = 14); group 2 consisted of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and chronic prostatitis (n = 14). It was shown that GsT activity in the soluble fraction of prostate biopsies from patients with benign hyperplasia with chronic prostatitis was 1.60 times higher than in patients without chronic prostatitis. It was found that the kinetics of the GsT reaction is consistent with the patterns of a zero-order reaction in the range of 0–3 min: in this time interval, the dependence graph of the product formation on the incubation period was practically linear. It was shown that the value of V 0 in patients with prostatic hyperplasia with chronic prostatitis wa s almost twice as high as that in patients without chronic prostatitis. Over the entire range of GSH concentrations, enzyme activity in samples from patients with inflammation was higher than in patients without chronic prostatitis. Similar changes were also observed with an increase in the concentration of 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene in the incubation medium at a constant GSH concentrations. Calculation of the kinetic parameters of GsT activity shows that the maximum reaction rate of accumulation of the optically active dinitrobenzene conjugate, determined by GSH, was 1.44 times higher in patients with chronic prostatitis compared to the first group. The affinity constant for GSH in this group of patients was 2.28 times higher compared to patients without chronic prostatitis. When interpre t ing the obtained kinetic parameters determined by GSH, it is shown that GsT activity in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia without chronic prostatitis is reduced both due to a decrease in the enzyme reaction rate (V max decreases) and due to a increase in the enzyme's affinity for GSH (KGSH decreases).

УДК 619:612.174:612.1:636.4

Abstract

The primary aim of the work was to study the peculiarities of the influence of endogenous factors (products of inflammatory processes occurring in the tissues of female genitals) in the biological system of type “environment (uterine-vaginal mucus) – substance (water, organic and inorganic substances)” on the indicators of mass (g, mg) of its components. The results of the experiments indicate that their harmful effect changes the color and density of mucus released during estrus (UVM); reduces the parameters of the mass content of H₂O and inorganic substances (IS), but increases – organic (OS). Under these circumstances, the distribution of the parameters of the mass of the components of the dry residue (DR, dried at 105 ^oC) of UVM of cows of the experimental group is presented in a row where the mass of ОS₁ (burn at 520–530 ^oC) ˃IS ˃ОS₂ (burn at 650 ^оС), but for control is another as well as mass of IS˃ОS₁˃ОS₂. This means that the harmful effects of inflammatory products on the genital tissues of females negatively affect the distribution of the mass of OS and IS in the system “environment-substance”.

УДК: 612.014.484:012.015.1]-078.73-037-092.9

The development of oxidative and nitrative stress and the processes of free radical oxidation are associated with many pathological processes. Damage of any origin leads to the activation of free radical processes not only in the place of damage, but also in the whole organism. The aim of the study is to assess the state of lipid peroxidation, content of GSH and GSSG and the activity of NO-synthase and arginase in lymphocytes and peripheral blood serum in men with erectile dysfunction due to combat trauma. The research was conducted on peripheral blood lymphocytes of men injured as a result of combat operations (shrapnel and bullet wounds) in the Russian-Ukrainian war, and who were treated at the Military Medical Clinical Center of the Western Region (Lviv, Ukraine). The research group of men with combat injuries was divided into two age groups: men aged 20–39 years and men aged 40–53 years. The MDA content in the blood serum of patients of both age groups was 1.35 times higher than in the control group. In peripheral blood lymphocytes, the MDA content in patients of the young age group was 1.27, and in patients of the middle age group in 1.39 times higher than in the control group. Simultaneously, no significant changes in the concentration of oxidized glutathione in blood serum and blood lymphocytes were found between men with erectile dysfunction due to combat trauma and healthy men. GSH content in blood serum in patients of both age groups was
significantly lower than in the control group. The arginase/NOS ratio in blood serum was 9.75 times lower in the young age group and in 20.45 times lower in the middle age group compared to healthy men. It was established that in the blood serum and blood lymphocytes of men with erectile dysfunction due to combat trauma, processes of lipid peroxidation were intensified and the GSH level was reduced. The GSH/GSSG ratio was reduced only in blood serum. It was found that the oxidative stress is associated with development of nitrative stress. The arginase/NOS ratio was shifted towards increased NOS activity. Activation of iNOS was accompanied by significant inhibition of cNOS. Further study of biochemical mechanisms is important to understand the triggers of erectile dysfunction due to combat trauma.
Keywords: trauma; erectile dysfunction;MDA content; glutathione;NO-synthase; arginase.