UDC: 61(092)

Among the morphologists of Ukraine and the world, an honourable place is occupied by Doctor of Medicine, Professor, Head of the Department of Normal Anatomy at Danylo Halytskyi Lviv National Medical University (1982-1988), member of the Scientific Society of Anatomists, Histologists, Embryologists and Topographical Anatomists (SS AHET) (since 1954), a member of the Shevchenko Scientific Society (SSS) and the Ukrainian Medical Society (UMS) (since 1991) - Lev Mykhailovych Lychkovsky (8.05.1924 - 20.09.1993).

Lev Lychkovsky’s life was dedicated to the service of Science. This article is dedicated to him on the occasion of the centenary of his birth.

The aim of this experimental study was to evaluate micro- and ultrastructural changes of the carotid sinus wall during oral consumption of low doses of monosodium glutamate (MG) and following its withdrawal. Adult male albino rats (n=39) were enrolled into the study. Carotid sinus wall morphology was assessed by light and electron microscopy at the end of week 4 and week 8 of MG oral consumption, as well as 2 weeks after its withdrawal; the results were compared with the control group. After 8 weeks of MG consumption, the wall of the carotid sinus was disorganized, endothelial layer of intima deformed, often without clear margins, the media edematous and dissected with thickened elastic membranes, and the cells of the vascular wall were showing signs of apoptosis while extra fat was present in the adventitia. Upon discontinuation of MG after 4 weeks of its consumption, the structural organization of carotid sinus wall was partially preserved, whereas no compensatory processes were registered after 8 weeks of MG administration followed by 2 weeklong withdrawal. Therefore, 8-week-long lowdose MG consumption resulted in pronounced changes of the micro- and ultra-structure of the carotid sinus wall of albino rats. Discontinuation of MG following 4 weeks of its administration partially improved the morphologic characteristics of the carotid sinus wall within 2 weeks. Withdrawal of MG after 8 weeks of its administration did not result in any improvement of the micro- and ultra-structure of the carotid sinus wall within 2 weeks.

Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) is a modern method of visualizing the coronary arteries from the lumenal surface of the vessel [1]. The cross-sections of the intracoronary images make possible the measuring of the coronary artery size and assessing the structure of the vessel [2], which is extremely important in the context of cardiovascular diseases.The uniqueness of ultrasound is based on the fact that diferent layers of the coronary artery wall re"ect ultrasound waves diferently, anatomically preconditioned. Therefore, understanding the anatomical aspect of the vessel structure is the key to interpreting the intracoronary images. Even though IVUS is widely used in the leading clinics [3], for the majority, it is a less accessible procedure [4]. Unfortunately, IVUS remains an innovative procedure for much medical sta! and requires further explanation of coronary vessel morphology. The coronary artery size is variable and impacts the coronary stent implantation and optimization of the results of coronary revascularization [5, 6]. To our knowledge, there is no data on the size of coronary arteries ostia among the Ukrainian population using IVUS

Patients with Marfan syndrome and aortic root aneurysm require pre-surgical analysis of aortic root geometry for aortic reconstruction. The aim of this study is to perform the morphometric analysis of the sinus of Valsalva height and correlation between the former, age, weight, height, body mass index (BMI), and body surface area (BSA) in patients with Marfan syndrome and aortic root aneurysm. Data from 34 patients (28 men, 6 women) with Marfan syndrome and an ascending aortic diameter exceeding 45 cm were obtained using computed tomography angiography.Gender-based differences were observed in the height of the left aortic sinus – by 47.23% (36.47±12.48 mm in men against 24.77±4.26 mm in women, р=0.0003). In men, a strong direct correlation has been identified between height and the right aortic sinus height (r=+0.75, р<0.0001), the posterior aortic sinus height (r=+0.71, р<0.0001), and the left aortic sinus height (r=+0.75, р<0.0001). Moderate reverse correlation has been discovered between the sinus of Valsalva height and BMI. No correlations have been identified between weight, BSA and the sinus of Valsalva height (р>0.05). In women, a strong direct correlation (Pearson) has been identified between age and the right aortic sinus height (r=+0.84, p=0.04), between weight and the left aortic sinus (r=+0.73, p=0.04) and between BSA and the left aortic sinus (r=+0.73, р=0.04).Aortic sinus height in men increases with height and decreases with higher BMI and age. Weight and BSA do not affect the sinus of Valsalva height. In women, the sinus of Valsalva height is impacted by age, weight and BSA.

Розмір коронарних артерій є важливим параметром в оцінці коронарної анатомії і залежить від вікових та антропометричних показників. Дані про кореляцію між біометричними показниками та розмірами коронарих артерій серед жителів України є обмеженими. Метою дослідження є оцінити розміри вічок вінцевих артерій та вивчити їхній взаємозв’язок між віком, зростом, масою, індексом маси тіла, площею поверхні тіла у чоловіків без та з ураженням вінцевих артерій (ішемічною хворобою серця) за допомогою коронарної ангіографії. Досліджувана група склала 98 пацієнтів: 64 пацієнти з ішемічною хворобою серця та 34 пацієнти – здорові. У групі норми висота вічка лівої вінцевої артерії встановлена вище ніж висота вічка правої вінцевої артерії: 5,94±1,41 мм проти 5,09±1,36 мм, р=0,013. У чоловіків з ураженням вінцевих артерій середні параметри висоти лівої вінцевої артерії (5,45±1,10 мм) є суттєво більшими, ніж висоти правої вінцевої артерії 4,91±1,05 мм (р=0,005). У нормі доведений прямий середньої сили взаємозв’язок між даними висоти вічка правої вінцевої артерії та зростом (r=+0,34, р=0,049), а також зворотній середньої сили зв’язок між значенням висоти вічка правої вінцевої артерії і віку (r=-0,35, р=0,041). У чоловіків з ішемічною хворобою серця встановлено взаємозв’язки між показником висоти вічка лівої вінцевої артерій та віком, вагою, зростом.