Diagnosing the persistent but not clinically pronounced inflammation in periodontal tissues often is an important clinical problem. Measurement of Nitrite-anion concentration in saliva is informative in diagnosing the periodontal pathology at different stages of its development as well as in differentiation of superficial inflammation of periodontal tissues in the case of gingivitis and profound destruction of gums and bone in case of periodontitis.

Aim of our investigations was the examinations of Nitric oxide level in saliva of patients with periodontal pathology by measuring accumulation of Nitrite anion.

Materials and methods. Were examined 47 patients (20-40 years old), including 28 persons with generalized inflammatory diseases of the gums: chronic simple (14) and hypertrophic gingivitis (14) and 19 patients with chronic generalized periodontitis. The level of Nitrite anion in salive of patiens was meassured. Saliva was obtained in the quantity of 1 ml from each patient on an empty stomach.

The method of analysis was as follows: 0,2 ml of sodium hydrocarbonate was added to 0,2 ml of saliva and stored in ice for 10 min, than 0,4 ml of distilled water and 1,2 ml of 4% ZnS04 were introduced into this solution. The mixture was centrifuged for 20 min and 1,2ml of translucent supernatant was separated from it and mixed with 1,2ml of Gries reactive. Results were obtained within 15 min in a spectrophotometry method (λ = 550 nm).

Results. In the patients with simple chronic gingivitis the level of Nitrite anion in saliva differs significantly from the control samples only in the group with exacerbation of simple chronic gingivitis (51,9±2,4 pmoI/L). In the patients with chronic hypertrophic gingivitis amounts of Nitrite anion in saliva were 11,6 ±1,6 pmol/L, but in the case of exacerbation they were increased 4-5 times as much as 56,1 ±2,7 pmol/L. Levels of Nitrite anion increased considerably in the exacerbation of both forms of gingivitis and amounted to 51,9 ±2,4 pmol/L and 56,1 ±2,7 pmol/L, respectively. These results indicate that level of NO synthesis in saliva doesn’t depend on the type of inflammation in the gums (simple or hypertrophic).

All the patients with chronic generalized periodontitis were tested at the active stage of disease and at the stage of remission. Increased amounts of nitrite anion in saliva of the patients with chronic generalized periodontitis were reported at the active stage of chronic

PhOL Ripetska, et al. 681 (pag 680-689)

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ISSN: 1827-8620

generalized periodontitis (84,9 ± 3,8 pmol/L), which exceeds the healthy control group more than 10 times.

Remission in the patients with generalized periodontitis was attained after complex treatment, which included surgical pocket elimination and was characterized with absence of pockets, inflammation and gums bleeding on probing. Levels of nitrite anion in saliva were lowered to 8,5 ±0,7 pmol/L, which makes an insignificant difference with healthy persons (4,9 ±0,6 pmol/L).

Conclusion. The level of nitric-anion which depicts the level of Nitric oxide in the saliva probably depicts not only the activity of periodontal inflammatory process, but also the aggressiveness of alveolar bone destruction.

All human studies were conducted in compliance with the rules of the Helsinki Declaration of the World Medical Association "Ethical principles of medical research with human participation as an object of study". Informed consent was obtained from all participants.

Keywords: gingivitis, periodontitis, Nitric oxide, levels of Nitrite anion in saliva 

UDC 616.314–002:(616.311.2–002+616.314.17-008.6)]-053.81:613.2:311.21

 The article presents the results of the study on the food products influence on caries and periodontal processes using statistical methods. The information base of the study was the data obtained by surveying dental students aged 18–22 years of the medical university. Mainly, consumption of dairy products, vegetables and fruits, meat, bread, and sweets were considered as factors. The quantitative characteristic of nutrition was taken as the number of food consumption times during the week. The hypothesis that the amount of food consumption affects the state of the periodontium and the number of carious teeth in a person has been confirmed. As a result of determining the relevant dependencies, a significant influence of two food products groups – dairy and vegetables and fruits – was revealed. Directly, the dependences have a non-linear (quadratic) form, and accordingly, the optimal intervals of the products consumption are established, since both insufficient and excessive use of them negatively affects the condition of the teeth and gums. A two-factor linear statistical dependence was built to estimate the total effect of two types of food products. Regarding other products, no significant relationships were found between their use and the oral cavity condition. The conclusions of the article present the main results of the performed studies and directions for further research.

Key words: caries, periodontal disease, food products, statistical dependence, impact assessment, optimal consumption 

 The greatest influence on the teeth’ disease has two groups of products – dairy and vegetables, fruits. For boys, there are optimal limits of these products consumption, reduction or increase of them leads to an increase in the number of caries. Compared to boys for girls, the consumption’s effect is much weaker. 

 Silicon-containing (Si-containing) polishing paste has been tested clinically in patients with chronic generalized periodontitis, I-st degree of severity. All patients have been examined for the presence of supra- and sub-gingival calculus and bleeding on probing on a six- month-testing time and within one year after conducting the professional hygienic procedures. It has been revealed that the proposed Si-containing polishing paste proved to be effective in the maintenance of gingival health in the lapse of time from 1 to 12 months after treatment. The majority of patients showed neither dental deposits nor bleeding on probing up in the interval from 1 to 12 months after dental scaling and polishing with Si-containing polishing paste. 

 Ethic and Prophylactic Aspects of Regular Dental Examinations and Treatment in Young Patients. The number of gingivitis and periodontitis in young patients highly increased in recent decades. That is why, revelation and early treatment of periodontal diseases is important not only clinical but also ethical and psychological problem. Patient should feel himself not like a passive object in the treatment but take an active part in the process.. Being acquainted with the treatment plan, presumable duration of the treatment and its’ results, helps the patient to feel more comfortable and positive about the treatment procedures.

Kaywords: dental diseases, gingivitis, periodontitis, young patients.