The level of awareness and practice of hygiene of the average person with periodontal and periodontal tissue diseases remains low and needs to be strengthened by receiving constant information, monitoring and some training from the dentist. The aim of the research is to assess awareness and practice of oral hygiene in patients with gum and periodontal diseases.

Methods: 140 people were divided into two groups: I - control group (CG), relatively healthy individuals (n=40), II - patients with gum and periodontal diseases (n=100), who were interviewed, determined the Simplified Oral Health Index (OHI-S) and periodontal index at the first visit to the dentist and 6 months later.

Results: Correct responses too ralhy giene questions differed significantly between groups, with the highest meanin group I and the lowest in group II. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in termsof frequency of brushing, duration, care products, or brushing techniques. Ingroup I, the OHI-S index corresponded to a satisfactory state of hygiene (1.53 ± 0.08) compared to the control group (0.17 ± 0.01) (Table 4), while the period on talindex corresponded to the presence of gingivitis (0.81 ± 0.03) compared to the control group (0.21 ± 0.09).

Conclusions: The importance of careful attention to oral hygiene, the use of various means to reduce inflammation and bleeding gums, and the reduction of dental plaque are important parameters in the prevention of gum and periodontal diseases.

Prospects: Further study of awareness and oral hygiene practice with therapy in patients who have gum and periodontal diseases is required.

Keywords: Hygiene, periodontitis, microbial biofilm, prevention of gum and periodontal diseases. 

UDC 616.314–002:(616.311.2–002+616.314.17-008.6)]-053.81:613.2:311.21

 The article presents the results of the study on the food products influence on caries and periodontal processes using statistical methods. The information base of the study was the data obtained by surveying dental students aged 18–22 years of the medical university. Mainly, consumption of dairy products, vegetables and fruits, meat, bread, and sweets were considered as factors. The quantitative characteristic of nutrition was taken as the number of food consumption times during the week. The hypothesis that the amount of food consumption affects the state of the periodontium and the number of carious teeth in a person has been confirmed. As a result of determining the relevant dependencies, a significant influence of two food products groups – dairy and vegetables and fruits – was revealed. Directly, the dependences have a non-linear (quadratic) form, and accordingly, the optimal intervals of the products consumption are established, since both insufficient and excessive use of them negatively affects the condition of the teeth and gums. A two-factor linear statistical dependence was built to estimate the total effect of two types of food products. Regarding other products, no significant relationships were found between their use and the oral cavity condition. The conclusions of the article present the main results of the performed studies and directions for further research.

Key words: caries, periodontal disease, food products, statistical dependence, impact assessment, optimal consumption 

 The greatest influence on the teeth’ disease has two groups of products – dairy and vegetables, fruits. For boys, there are optimal limits of these products consumption, reduction or increase of them leads to an increase in the number of caries. Compared to boys for girls, the consumption’s effect is much weaker. 

 Silicon-containing (Si-containing) polishing paste has been tested clinically in patients with chronic generalized periodontitis, I-st degree of severity. All patients have been examined for the presence of supra- and sub-gingival calculus and bleeding on probing on a six- month-testing time and within one year after conducting the professional hygienic procedures. It has been revealed that the proposed Si-containing polishing paste proved to be effective in the maintenance of gingival health in the lapse of time from 1 to 12 months after treatment. The majority of patients showed neither dental deposits nor bleeding on probing up in the interval from 1 to 12 months after dental scaling and polishing with Si-containing polishing paste. 

 Ethic and Prophylactic Aspects of Regular Dental Examinations and Treatment in Young Patients. The number of gingivitis and periodontitis in young patients highly increased in recent decades. That is why, revelation and early treatment of periodontal diseases is important not only clinical but also ethical and psychological problem. Patient should feel himself not like a passive object in the treatment but take an active part in the process.. Being acquainted with the treatment plan, presumable duration of the treatment and its’ results, helps the patient to feel more comfortable and positive about the treatment procedures.

Kaywords: dental diseases, gingivitis, periodontitis, young patients.