Introduction. A typical manifestation of anemia is a decrease in the blood's hemoglobin content, which, in combination with the changes in the color index and other indicators of the blood, allows us to assume its nature. Deficiency of vitamin B12 and folic acid in patients with diabetes mellitus requires the attention of clinicians because it can be accompanied by usual clinical manifestations, but it may also disguise itself as other diseases and be pathogenetically related to them. It is extremely important to detect anemia caused by a deficiency of vitamin B12 and folic acid in time. Therefore, clinicians need to pay attention to the problem of comprehensive assessment of the condition of patients with diabetes mellitus and to the use of reliable diagnostic methods aimed at studying the status of vitamin B12 and folic acid.
The aim of the study was to demonstrate the peculiarities of the clinical course and the patient's own experience in the diagnosis of vitamin B12 and folate deficiency anemia in a patient with diabetes mellitus.
Materials and methods. A 77-year-old woman with diabetes mellitus was under our observation; at the time of hospitalization, she complained of dizziness, general weakness, episodes of loss of consciousness, yellowing of the skin and sclera, nausea, dry mouth, discomfort in the right hypochondrium, and weight loss over the last month. To establish the diagnosis, a thorough anamnesis was collected, a complex of laboratory and instrumental studies was performed, and related specialists consulted the patient. For the diagnosis of anemia, in addition to the usual complete blood count, the content of vitamin B12 and folic acid in the blood, as well as the concentration of methylmalonic acid in the urine and the content of homocysteine in the blood were determined.
Results and discussion. During the thorough examination, hyperchromic anemia, increased blood content of vitamin B12, folic acid, and homocysteine, and an increase in the concentration of methylmalonic acid in the urine were revealed. The patient had no damage to the nervous system, and damage to the gastrointestinal tract was manifested by gastric hyperplastic polyps. The patient's clinical diagnosis was verified, and treatment was prescribed, considering vitamin B12 and folate deficiency as well as the underlying pathology. A reticulocyte crisis was noted as a result of correct tactics. As a result of the treatment, her condition improved, and she was discharged from the hospital with a recommendation to continue treatment at home. Conclusions. A comprehensive approach, taking into account the peculiarities of the clinical course, the determination of vitamin B12, folic acid, as well as methylmalonic acid and homocysteine are decisive for the differentiation and diagnosis of vitamin B12 and folate deficiency anemia in patients with diabetes mellitus.
KEYWORDS: anemia, vitamin B12 deficiency, folate deficiency, diabetes mellitus, polymorbid pathology.

УДК 615.276:547.789:542.91

In this work, the title compound was synthesized via the Claisen–Schmidt condensation of a 2-((5-acetyl-4-methylthiazol-2-yl)amino)isoindoline-1,3-dione with 2-fluorobenzaldehyde. The structure of the synthesized compound (yield 62%) was confirmed by 1H, 13C NMR, and LC–MS spectra. According to US NCI protocols, the compound displayed a high level of antimitotic activity against tested human tumor cells, with mean GI50/TGI values of 15.72/50.68 μM. The drug-like properties of the synthesized compound were evaluated using SwissAdme, revealing satisfactory drug-like parameters, and it presents interest for the design of new synthetic agents with biological activity.

UDC 615.073/.074:615.27:615.453.4:543.48:547.673.5

The aim of the work was to develop a simple, rapid, economic spectrophotometric method for the determination of meldonium in capsules based on the reaction with alizarin.
Materials and methods. Analytical equipment: double-beam UV-visible spectrophotometer Shimadzu UV 1800 (Japan), a pair of 1 cm matched quartz cells, software UV-Probe 2.62, laboratory electronic balance RAD WAG AS 200/C, pH-meter I-160МI. Pharmacopoeial standard sample (CRS) of meldonium dihydrate (Sigma-Aldrich, (≥98 %, HPLC)), alizarin (Synbias), capsules Metamax (Darnytsia) 250 mg, Vasopro (Farmak) 500 mg, Mildronate (Grindex) 500 mg, dimethylformamide (“Honeywell Riedel-de Haen”).
Results and discussion. A spectrophotometric method for determining meldonium in capsules by reaction with alizarine has been developed. The absorption maximum of the formed complex in dimethylformamide was at a wavelength of 517 nm. Stoichiometric ratios of reactive components «meldonium- alizarin» were 1:1. Validation of the developed analytical method for the determination of meldonium in medicines was carried out in accordance with the requirements of the SPhU. The optimal conditions for performing the quantitative determination of meldonium have been established: concentration of alizarin solution – 0.8 %, volume 0.8 % alizarin solution – 0.5 ml, heating time – 20 min, temperature – 95±2 °C. Linearity has been in the concentration range of 0.0402–0.1073 mg/mL, the limit of detection – 2.84 μg/mL, and the limit of quantification – 8.59 μg/mL. The eco-friendliness of the developed analytical method was carried out using the analytical eco-scale, AGREE, and GAPI methods.
Conclusions. The developed method can be used as an arbitration method for the routine analysis of meldonium capsules

The review considers the environmental problem of generation, accumulation and utilization of waste tires in Ukraine and the world. It is established that waste tires can serve as a valuable raw material for obtaining fuel components and technical/individual chemicals for further industrial processing. One of the promising methods for the rational utilization of waste tires may be their pyrolysis. The pyrolysis process of waste tires produces gaseous, liquid and solid carbonized residue. At the same time, there is no ideal universal technology for the use of waste tire pyrolysis products without preliminary treatment/purification methods. The main characteristics, processing methods and applications of products obtained from the pyrolysis of waste tires are briefly considered.