Abstract
Aging is a multifactorial biological process characterized by progressive functional decline, increased susceptibility to chronic diseases, and reduced physiological resilience. Functional foods and nutraceuticals have gained increasing attention as supportive strategies within anti-aging and preventive medicine. Among them, goji berries (Lycium barbarum and Lycium chinense) are widely consumed; however, their biological relevance and clinical significance require careful, evidence-based evaluation. This narrative review summarizes and critically analyzes experimental and clinical data regarding the effects of goji berries on biological mechanisms and organ systems relevant to aging. Particular emphasis is placed on distinguishing mechanistic and preclinical findings from human clinical evidence. Available data indicate that antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and metabolic effects are predominantly supported by experimental studies, while human evidence is most consistent for ocular health outcomes, including plasma zeaxanthin levels and macular characteristics. Limitations of current evidence and directions for future research are discussed.

Keywords: goji berries, functional food.

УДК 616.314.25/.26-089.23-02[616.715:616.716.4]

У даній статті проведено літературний огляд публікацій щодо сучасних поглядів на вплив порушень прикусу та ортодонтичного лікування на розвиток скронево-нижньощелепних розладів. Мета дослідження: Спираючись на дані наукових досліджень встановити ймовірність впливу порушень прикусу та ортодонтичного лікування на розвиток скронево-нижньоще-лепних розладів. Матеріали та методи. Застосовано бібліосе-мантичний метод для з’ясування стану проблеми, вивчення аналізу результатів поперед ніх наукових досліджень на основі джерел літератури та елек-тронних ресурсів. Інформаційний пошук та аналіз наукових джерел проведено із використанням наукометричних баз Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar за останні 10 років. Результати: У результаті проведеного пошуку та аналізі літературних джерел автори дослідження дійшли висновку, що пацієнтам зі скронево-нижньощелепними розладами не рекомендується починати ортодонтичне лікування до повного зникнення симптомів. Якщо ж такі симптоми виникли вже під час ортодонтичного лікування, необхідно його призупинити на час лікування скронево-нижньощелепних розладів, або ж до максимально можливого покращення стану пацієнта. Після зникнення симптоматики ортодонтичні втручання можна продовжити згідно з початковим планом або, за необхідності, скоригувати залежно від стану пацієнта. Своєчасне виявлення та лікування скронево-нижньощелепних розладів дозволить в майбутньому провести більш прогнозоване орто-донтичне лікування. Висновки: Відповідно до сучас-них даних наукових досліджень немає переконливого зв’язку між розвитком скронево-нижньощелепних розладів та порушеннями прикусу. 

Prolonged exposure to elevated temperatures exceeding 47°C, which can occur during root canal obturation, can cause damage of both dental and bone tissues. In order to study the temperature distribution on the surface of the tooth root a temperature measuring device with cold-junction compensation is proposed. For in vitro measurement of the temperature distribution on the surface of the tooth, 8 thermocouples placed in direct contact with the cementum of the tooth were used. In order to eliminate the cold-junction temperature variations, the temperature equilibration device and RTD were used. The suggested linear approximation for the thermocouples' conversion function provides a nonlinearity relative error of less than 0.05% for K-type thermocouples and 0.07% for J-type thermocouples over the temperature range from 20 to 60°C.

When implementing energy saving measures, the correct choice of thermal insulation materials, the main characteristic of which is the thermal conductivity coefficient, is of key importance. Missing part of the data, which
may occur during investigation of materials under natural conditions, can lead to incorrect determination of the
corresponding characteristic, which negatively affects the effectiveness of the implemented measures and energy
saving. Therefore, reconstruction of the missing data at the stage of preliminary processing of measured signals
to obtain complete and accurate data when determining the thermal conductivity of thermal insulation materials
will enable to avoid this situation. The article presents the results of regression analysis of data obtained during
express control of thermal conductivity of thermal insulation materials based on the local thermal impact method.
Regression models were built for signal reconstruction with 10%, 20% and 30% missing data, using which a relative error of determination the thermal conductivity coefficient of less than 8% was obtained. This is acceptable for
express control of thermal conductivity and indicates the correctness of data restoration in this way. In addition, an
algorithm is provided for determining signal stationarity, which enables to reasonably reduce the duration of each
material with a given level of permissible error.
Keywords: thermal conductivity determination, insulation materials, regression analysis, missing data, data processing

Background: Cytokine storm is a life-threatening immune reaction contributing to the severity of various infectious diseases such as COVID-19, sepsis, Ebola, and Dengue. Understanding its pathophysiology is critical for timely diagnosis and effective treatment. Methods: A narrative review was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science (September 2024 – January 2025). Keywords included “cytokine storm,” “pro-inflammatory cytokines,” “COVID-19,” “sepsis,” “targeted therapy,” and “personalised medicine.” Studies were analysed thematically. As a narrative review, the findings are limited by the heterogeneity and potential bias of included studies, and no quantitative synthesis was performed. Results: The review outlines key mechanisms of cytokine storm, such as IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-α overproduction, and presents clinical cutoff values (e.g., IL-6 > 19.5 pg/mL) associated with disease severity. Targeted therapies (e.g., tocilizumab, anakinra), immunomodulators (e.g., JAK inhibitors), stem cell therapy, and plasmapheresis were reviewed. A personalised approach to treatment based on biomarkers and comorbidities was emphasised. Conclusions: Cytokine storm remains a major challenge in infectious disease management. While therapeutic strategies are evolving, individualised, biomarker-driven treatment offers the greatest potential for improving outcomes