УДК: 616.155.3-097.37-07:615.262.1.454.1]-092.9

 Various pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines play crucial roles in the development of acute inflammatory processes. Depending on their effect on inflammatory processes, interleukins are divided into pro-inflammatory (IL-6) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10). The aim of the study was to analyze the dynamics of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the blood plasma of rats in an experiment using hydrogel dressings saturated with silver ions and an antioxidant drug for the local treatment of inflammatory processes. The experimental study was conducted on 80 sexually mature male rats. The healing of an experimental infected wound was studied using hydrogel dressings saturated with medicinal substances. The effectiveness of local therapy was assessed using biochemical methods. Analysis of the dynamics of the pro- and anti-inflammatory balance showed that the greatest manifestation of the inflammatory process and suppression of the body's compensatory reactions was observed on the third day. Indicative data on the relative ratio of the course of the inflammatory process were obtained on the seventh day. The highest result was in the control group – 2.719±0.55 IU, which clearly reflected the general tendency towards the equalization of pro- and anti-inflammatory reactions in the animals' bodies. However, in the third experimental group, it was even lower (1.094±0.23 IU) than the normal value, which indicates the predominance of anti-inflammatory reactions of the body to damage when using hydrogel dressings saturated with silver ions and an antioxidant preparation. On the 10th day, the body's anti-inflammatory defense mechanisms intensify, with parallel processes of inflammation subsiding. The results obtained on the 14th day of the experiment did not differ statistically significantly from the norm in all animal groups. The use of hydrogel dressings reduces the duration of treatment of the inflammatory process. 

Uniformed personnel are highly exposed to occupational stress, which increases the risk of mental health problems. This study examined whether coping styles moderate the relationship between perceived stress and satisfaction with life among uniformed personnel treated for bodily distress disorder or post-traumatic stress disorder. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 183 participants (81% male, aged 30–66 years). Standardized questionnaires were administered: the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), and Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS). Pearson correlations with 95% confidence intervals were computed, and moderation analyses were conducted using separate regression models for each coping style with bootstrap estimation (1000 samples). Gender differences were examined using t-tests with Cohen’s d. Results: Perceived stress was negatively correlated with life satisfaction (r = −0.43, 95% CI [−0.54, −0.29], moderate effect). Emotion-oriented coping correlated negatively with life satisfaction (r = −0.28, 95% CI [−0.42, −0.14]), while social diversion correlated positively (r = 0.21, 95% CI [0.07, 0.35]). Women reported higher stress (Cohen’s d = 0.60) and lower life satisfaction (Cohen’s d = −0.50) than men. Moderation analysis revealed that emotion-oriented coping significantly intensified the negative effect of stress on life satisfaction (B = −0.01, p = 0.019). Conclusions: Perceived stress strongly impairs life satisfaction in uniformed personnel, particularly among those relying on emotion-oriented coping. Targeted interventions, such as emotion regulation training, mindfulness, and cognitive restructuring, may enhance resilience and mitigate stress-related declines in well-being in this high-risk occupational group.

UDC 616.12-005.4-036.12-06:(616.12+616.61+616-056.5)]-008 

Cardio-renal metabolic syndrome (CRMs) is believed to be a holistic, systemic disorder with multiorgan dysfunction and a high number of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. It involves complex interconnection mechanisms between renal dysfunction, cardiovascular disease and metabolic disorders. Our study's feasibility was determined by several unresolved issues regarding the peculiarities of the course of CRMs. A deep understanding of the interrelationships of these conditions requires a comprehensive approach aimed at studying and evaluating risk factors and pathophysiological mechanisms. Studying the features of CRMs will allow optimising lifestyle, involving an interdisciplinary team in treatment and, in the future, developing a unified protocol for the management of such patients.
The study aimed to evaluate the clinical manifestations and characteristics of CRMs in patients with chronic coronary heart disease.
For this purpose, 113 patients with chronic coronary heart disease (CHD) were examined, chronic heart failure (CHF) I-III functional class (FC) according to the NYHA, who were diagnosed with CRMS according to the criteria: diagnosed CHD with CHF; body mass index (BMI) > 25 kg/m2; fasting glucose level > 6.1 mmol/l or previously diagnosed type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) or use of hypoglycaemic therapy; glomerular filtration rate (GFR) < 80 kg/mkmol; blood creatinine above normal.
The results of the study indicate that 15.92% of patients with chronic coronary artery disease can be diagnosed with complete cardio-renal metabolic syndrome. Patients with complete CRMs were younger but had higher BMI, systolic hypertension and tachycardia, hyperlipidemia and leptin resistance, higher levels of total fibrinogen and leukocytes, leukocyte intoxication index, lipid ratios and triglycerides. The deterioration of metabolic parameters was
accompanied by activation of inflammation and endogenous intoxication, cytolysis and an increase in leptin.

Abstract
Background Disease and non-battle injuries (DNBI) often account for more military casualties than those from
combat wounds. The February 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine has severely limited access to care in areas with
increasing patient care needs beyond combat injuries. The expansion of the draft resulted in an older military
population susceptible to musculoskeletal injuries, while trench warfare and harsh winters create conditions
conducive to cold weather injuries and infectious diseases. This study aims to assess the prevalence and scope of
DNBI in Ukraine.
Methods We conducted qualitative key informant interviews with Ukrainian military and civilian health care workers
from June 2023-February 2024 using an expanded version of the Global Trauma System Evaluation Tool which had
components focusing on DNBI. Thematic content analysis was used to derive key themes related to DNBI from
interviews.
Results We conducted 36 key informant interviews. Respondents described the wide range of DNBI that Ukrainian
soldiers are experiencing. Infectious disease, cold weather injuries, musculoskeletal injuries, sexual assault, and mental health emerged as prevalent concerns. Respondents described the critical shortage of resources and the high burden on military hospitals as barriers to the delivery of adequate care for DNBI.
Conclusions DNBI in Ukraine are directly related to the physical environment and the age and fitness of the military population. The troop shortage has resulted in soldiers with chronic illnesses returning to duty, while the physical environment limits prevention measures for weather-related injuries and infectious diseases. The complex healthcare challenges created by these factors highlight the importance of a military health system with the capacity to provide service members with the full spectrum of care beyond combat injuries.
Keywords Ukraine, Disease and Non-battle Injury, Conflict, Military Health