A bisphenol-formaldehyde resin was synthesized using the polycondensation method of bisphenol A with formaldehyde. Road bitumen has been modified with this resin. The possibility of its use as a road petroleum bitumen modifier has been established for different contents of the synthesized resin. It has been established that the introduction of synthesized bisphenol-formaldehyde resin into the composition of bitumen significantly increases its heat resistance. The synthesized resin and modified bitumens were characterized using IR spectroscopy. The change in the composition and properties of the bitumen modified with bisphenol-formaldehyde resin has been described. 

Rhodanines are recognized as privileged heterocycles in medicinal chemistry. The main achievements include the development of drug-like molecules with numerous biological activities as well as approved drugs. The Furan nucleus is considered one of the promising heterocyclic cores in medicinal chemistry that showed numerous ranges of activity. The combination of several heterocycles in a one molecule commonly provides much more interest in the enhanced activity profile of its analogs than their parent separate constituents. Such conjugates are promising objects for modern medicinal chemistry. In this review paper recent advances in the synthesis and biological activities rhodanine-furan conjugates which its application in the different field of drug discovery.

Trench fever is a bartonellosis disease with a transmissible mechanism transmitted via specific vector – the human body louse (Pediculus humanus), manifested by a sudden onset, relapsing fever, severe pain in the calf muscles, and abundant maculopapular rash.

Aim. To determine the infestation of the population as a predictor of the occurrence of epidemic complications caused by trench fever, and to assess the impact of social factors resulting from the Russo-Ukrainian war on population prevalence rates.

Materials and Methods. A comprehensive epidemiological method was employed, involving the analysis of official statistics data on pediculosis, the dynamics and geographical distribution characteristics for years 2021-2023, and the processing of primary literature sources regarding trench fever.

Results. Trench fever remains a relevant endemic transmissible disease in Ukraine. The detection of seropositive individuals in all age groups indicates a hidden epidemic process of this disease, as well as the inadequacy of the epidemiological surveillance system in detecting and recording cases. The increase in the prevalence of pediculosis is the highest in administrative areas with the largest population density of internally displaced persons.

Discussion. The intensity of the epidemic process of trench fever correlates with socio-economic disruptions and wars; it is accompanied by worsening of living conditions and impoverishment of the population. The adaptation of the pathogen to spread by body lice has led to changes in the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the disease.

Conclusions. Ukraine is endemic of trench fever. During war, active epidemiological surveillance should be conducted to promptly identify cases, with control of pediculosis infestation in the general population.

Key words: trench fever, pediculosis, clinical and epidemiological characteristics, war.

Abbreviations:ICD – International classification of diseases; DNA – deoxyribonucleic acid; UN – United Nations Organization; GR – growth rate; PR – prevalence rate; HIV – human immunodeficiency virus; USA – United States of America.

The present microreview provides a systematic and illustrative overview of the most typical methods for the synthesis of new thiazolo[3,2-a]pyridines. The material covers key works published since 2020.

Metabolic syndrome (MеtS) is a combination of clinical and laboratory abnormalities that increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Purpose - to detect and identify peculiarities of MetS and its criteria in children depending on gender.
MetS was estimated in 89 (5.9%) children from 1520 examined children: in 39 (2.6%) girls and 50 (3.3%) boys (p>0.05) aged from 9 to 18 years. Children were selected for examination of anthropometric data, blood pressure, total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, triglycerides, fasting glucose and insulin, index HOMA-IR, glucose/insulin ratio and QUICKI. Heart rate variability (HRV) study and echocardiography were done. Diagnosis of MetS was provided according to IDF Consensus (2007).
Abdominal obesity was diagnosed in all children with MetS. Boys had essentially more large body mass, height, body surface area, neck and waist circumferences, weight/height ratio than girls (p<0,001). Blood pressure in boys was higher than in girls, arterial hypertention in boys (72,0%) was diagnosed more often than in girls (46,2%). Insulin resistance was identified 1,5 falled more often in girls than in boys (p<0,05). Statistically significant difference in lipid metabolism in boys and girls was not estimated. According to HRV boys had higher activity of the autonomous nervous system than girls. Left ventricular (LV) myocardial mass and thickness of the LV posterior wall in boys were significantly larger than in girls that proved a higher risk of LV hypertrophy and concentric remodeling.
Attention to gender differences of MetS must be paid and gender-specific strategies for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus should be formulated.