The aim of our study is to elucidate changes in the content of pro-inflammatory interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and anti-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the blood serum of guinea pigs in the dynamics of experimental immobilization stress.
The dynamics of the immobilization stress is accompanied by a pronounced progression of the proinflammatory group of cytokines - TNF-α and IL-6 against the background of declining functional activity of IL-10 at all stages of their formation (3 rd, 5 th and 15 th days) with an advantage on the 3 rd day of the experiment. The data obtained indicate an imbalance of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and impaired cytokinogenesis, which is important for the pathogenesis in immobilization stress.
The research found a rapid increase in the level of immunoglobulin M, starting from the 3 rd day of the experiment in comparison with the control values, which clearly indicates its activation in particular, and stimulation of humoral immunity in general. In the later stages (on the 5 th and 15 th days) of the formation of experimental periodontitis (EP) and immobilization stress (IS), an increase of this indicator by 93.5% and 94.2% was found, respectively, against group I guinea pigs (p≤0, 05).
Regarding the content of immunoglobulin G in the blood, the highest growth rates were recorded in the fourth group of guinea pigs with EP and IS (on the 15 th day), which indicates a direct dependence of the duration of damaging factors on the level of these indicators and the body's ability to the protective response.
The results of the treatment showed the effect and the reduction of the activity of the studied classes of immunoglobulins. Thus, the use of thiocetam led to a significant decrease in 209 the content of Ig M and G in the blood, respectively, by 33.8% (p1≤0.05) and 41.7% (p1≤0.05) in EP and IS compared with the group of animals were not exposed to this drug, which indicates the immunocorrective effect of this drug on the studied tests.
After three years of the outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, main tasks as to treatment and vaccination are still pending their solution. Today, it is known that SARS-CoV 2 coronaviruses are intracellular viral infections having an inevitable negative impact on all cells of the human body, including the blood cells. It is established that COVID-19 patients can be classified into mild, moderate, and severe. Modern literature does not describe ultrastructural changes of circulatory blood cells in patients with moderate course of this disease.
The dynamic development of endovascular interventional cardiac procedures contributes to the study of the cardiovascular system in vivo. The intravital evaluation of the coronary bed of the heart can be conducted with the help of intravascular ultrasound, the advantage of which for morphologists is the ability to assess the anatomy and geometry of the coronary arteries from the lumenal surface of the vessel.
UDC 616.314.17-008.1-084:615.015
Introduction. Weakened, immobile, bedridden patients who occupy a passive position in bed often develop local changes of dystrophic and ulcerative-necrotic changes, decubitus ulcers, which aredetermined by trophycal disturbances of the skin and underlying tissues. Significant risk factors include diabetes mellitus, conditions after cerebrovascular diseases, Parkinson's disease and other neurological pathologies, and exhaustion in patients with insufficient or inadequate care. Modern scientific research is mainly aimed at developing strategies and methods for the treatment of pressure ulcers that have already formed, which is a local purulent-necrotic process. There is no clear consensus on the criteria for readiness of bedsores (which affects the outcome of surgery) for surgical treatment, which ultimately determines the length of the hospital care of palliative patients.
Key words: Purulent-necrotic pathology, pressure ulcers (bedsores, decubitus ulcers), classification criteria, features of prevention, strategies of complex treatment.