Abstract

Condensed bicyclic systems with 1,3,4-thiadiazole core being annulated to pyridine or pyrimidine ones occupy prominent place in medicinal chemistry because of their broad spectrum of pharmacological properties. The combination of these heterocyclic systems into a bicyclic scaffold commonly provides much more interest in the enhanced activity profile of its analogs than their parent monocyclic constituents. Thus, a number of pyridines or pyrimidines fused to thiadiazoles are incorporated into a wide variety of therapeutically important compounds
possessing a broad spectrum of biological activities. In the present review we highlight recent advances in the fast-growing research area of thiadiazolo[3,2-a]pyridines and thiadiazolo[3,2- a]pyrimidines chemistry summarizing the existing literature information with respect of their synthetic approaches. Considering such a significant pharmacological potential, as well as wide synthetic possibilities, mentioned fused heterosystems have received considerable attention from scientific community as perspective scaffold for the rational design of drug-likes candidates.

Number of amputations in Ukraine increases due to military injuries, aging of population and chronic diseases. Rehabilitation after amputation is a long process when energy needs for proteins, macro-and micronutrients increase, which is difficult to compensate. The aim is to study nutritional status of servicemen with unilateral transtibial ampu- tation and improve quality of long-term rehabilitation. 

Wartime displacement, unstable living conditions, and ongoing stress continue to reshape population health in Ukraine. Community-based screening initiatives such as the annual four-day "Health Days" provide a valuable opportunity to detect emerging health problems among both internally displaced persons and local residents. However, the effectiveness of such programs is influenced not only by health needs but also by organizational factors such as timing, weather, and location. Preliminary observations suggest that warm days, weekends, and easily accessible public spaces significantly increase public engagement.

Since2008,"HealthDays"havebeenperiodicallyheldintheourcommunityascharityprojects.Afterinterruptionscausedbythe COVID-19 pandemic and socio-political challenges during the war since 2022, in October 2024 the events were restored and expanded to "Health Day" "Health Week", which took place in our city . Medicaltentsacrossthecityofferedfreehealthcheckssuchasbloodpressuremeasurements,diabetesscreenings,visiontests,andinfectious diseasetesting.AkeyfeatureofthesemeasureswastheintroductionofterenkurforhealthtrailsandNordicWalkingin4publicparksinourcity. 

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Esophageal hemangioma (EH) is an exceedingly rare benign vascular neoplasm, accoun-ting for less than 0.04 % of all endoscopic findings. Due to location and vascular nature, it poses significant diagnos-tic challenges and a high risk of life-threatening hemorrhage. Traditionally, surgical resection was the mainstay of treatment, but the paradigm has shifted toward minimally invasive endoscopic techniques at present. The purpose of the study was to highlight the importance of a multimodal diagnostic approach in differentiating rare EH from other subepithelial lesions, to demonstrate the feasibility, safety, and effectiveness of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for the treatment of a giant cavernous EH in the cervical esophagus and to provide an updated review of cur-rent diagnostic and therapeutic strategies based on recent clinical evidence. Case presentation. We report a clinical case of a 57-year-old female presenting with progressive dysphagia when drinking liquids. Endoscopy revealed a large soft elastic tuberculate cyanotic subepithelial mass on the posterior wall of the cervical esophagus, extending from 16 to 21 cm from the incisors (50 mm in length), which filled up to 2/3 of the esophageal lumen, flattened under pressure with the device and restored its shape. Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) confirmed a heterogeneous hypoechoic lesion within the submucosal layer with no active intralesional arterial blood flow. MSCT-angiography identified peripheral phleboliths, further supporting the diagnosis of a cavernous EH. The patient successfully under-went ESD. Despite the technical complexity, the lesion was resected en bloc without complications. Histopathology confirmed a cavernous hemangioma (ICD-O 9120/0). The patient was discharged on the second postoperative day. Conclusions. This case illustrates that advanced operative endoscopy, specifically ESD, is a safe and effective organ-preserving alternative to radical surgery for large EH, even in challenging anatomical locations such as the cervical esophagus. Multimodal imaging (EUS and MSCT) is crucial for accurate preoperative planning.